Trip Report: Ethiopia, October 8-27 1999

Jan Vermeulen, Bredaseweg 14, 4861 AH Chaam, The Netherlands; jem.vermeulen@wxs.nl

General Information

The following report covers the 19 days I spent in October 1999 in Ethiopia with Gerald Broddelez, Vital van Gorp, Chris Steeman and Eric Wille. The main objective of the trip was to see all of the endemic species.

Ethiopia is not the famine-stricken and war-torn country most people imagine. On the contrary, it is, on the whole, stable and friendly, with a fairly good infrastructure, and the almost complete absence of dangerous animals makes it possible to bird on foot in most places.

This ancient country perched on the Horn of Africa, cut by the Great Rift Valley, and with extensive highland areas is a superb birding locale. The highland plateaux on either side of the Rift represent the continent's largest area of Afro-alpine habitat and also contain some of the most spectacular scenery in Africa.

Ethiopia has a high total of more than 850 species. Depending on whom you read there are approximately no less than 30 endemics of which 20 are fairly easy to see and a few more near endemics. This makes Ethiopia (regionally) second only to southern Africa in its levels of endemism. Although part of Ethiopia has been visited by birders for some years, only recently have the more remote regions in the south been explored by a few pioneers, most notably Richard Webb et al and Jon Hornbuckle et al in 1996.

We travelled the length and breadth of Ethiopia on our trip, notching up all the endemics we could expect on this itinerary as well as a whole host of other interesting birds. We recorded 529 species during this time, including all the endemics except Nechisar's Nightjar and Lineated Pytilia.

The generally accepted endemics are:

The taxonomic status of Nechisar Nightjar, Ethiopian Sawwing and Brown Sawwing is uncertain.

The following notes are intended to complement Richard Webb's excellent report, the essential reference.

Flight and Visa

We travelled to Ethiopia via Brussels, Rome and Jeddah (Saudi Arabia). Our return-ticket (Alitalia) for the air journey cost us US$625. You do need a visa for Ethiopia, currently US$ 60. I applied for one at the consulate in The Hague. When you're leaving Ethiopia, you have to pay US$20 departure tax.

Money

The official currency of Ethiopia is the birr, the rate of which is fixed against the US dollar every two weeks following a foreign auction. Throughout our visit the birr was 8 birr to US$1. Tourists are no longer required to make a declaration of the amount of foreign currency they bring into the country. Foreign currency can be changed at the airport and at banks in Addis Abeba, but we did not find it possible to do so outside the capital.

Accommodation

The choice of hotels is very limited in most locations, and the price is not normally a deciding factor outside the capital. Simply pick the best hotel in town, usually the Wabe Shebella or Bekele Molla Hotel, and it is still likely to be pretty bad.

Food and Drink

The national dish for most Ethiopians is injera, a flat, sourdough pancake made from a special grain called teff, which is served with either meat or vegetable sauces, to which we very soon developed a dislike. Fortunately we managed to get spaghetti, fish and potatoes at most places. Cola (Pepsi and Coke), beer and ambo (bottled water) were widely available and cheap. We did not experience any serious stomach upsets despite regularly eating local food.

Health and Safety

Theft is really not a problem in Ethiopia unless you are careless. Ethiopians are friendly and helpful, and the country is fairly safe, and the worst that the traveller is likely to encounter is a pickpocket in Addis Abeba.

We felt a little tense on just one occasion at Bogol Manyo in the extreme south-east of the country. At Bogol Manyo we spent the night in our tents at the "meeting house (village hall)", and this was the only time our guide Gebre was nervous, although the local police at Negele had assured us that the area was safe. Gebre apparently did not trust the armed Somalis in the village.

For vaccinations consult your own doctor for up to date advice. Generally you should be immunised or "topped up" against hepatitis A and B, Tetanus, Typhoid and Polio. Malaria is a major risk so all precautions against malaria are a must. Ethiopia requires all visitors to have an up to date Yellow Fever vaccination certificate.

We did not suffer much from the mosquitoes, only in our hotel rooms were sometimes many mosquitoes, but the main "mosquito season" does not start until late October. Ticks were numerous in long grass, especially at Nechisar NP. For visitors sensitive to insect bites, it is advisable to bring antihistamine cream or tablets.

There has been a rapid growth in the number of reported cases of AIDS, so take the necessary precautions in the event of planned or unplanned sexual adventures.

Beggars

Ethiopia's misfortunes over the last decades have created large numbers of destitute people, and this is particularly noticeable in Addis Abeba, the population of which has trebled in recent years. There is no easy answer to the question of whether one gives to beggars or not, but you should be aware however that if you give to one person, a flood of others will come running up.

Language

English is the official language in Ethiopia and is widely spoken in Addis Abeba and in tourist areas, but in the more remote areas nobody speaks English. It is advisable to hire a vehicle with a driver!

Weather

Most tourists visit Ethiopia in the period November to January. We had to visit Ethiopia in October, which turned out to be an excellent time of year for a birding trip. The wet season lingers until September and in our case until October, but despite the first 10 rainy days we had a very good trip. The main advantage of birding in October is that most birds, such as male bishops, are in breeding plumage.

The temperatures in the highlands are moderate, rarely exceeding 30°C even at the hottest times of the year.

Equipment

A small tape recorder and the bird call sets of certain Ethiopians birds by Steve Smith is quite useful for drawing in birds. Steve Smith's tape is available from Steve c/o 42 Lower Buckland Road, Lymington, Hampshire SO41 9DL, England.

A good torch is a must. A telescope is useful at lakes and very useful for viewing canopy species especially from roadsides. Photography is NOT difficult, as birds are easy to approach and light conditions are good.

Clothing can be summer clothes for the daytime and something warm for the evenings, like a sweater or jacket. The temperature drops quite rapidly towards sunset.

Transport and Roads

Road conditions in Ethiopia vary, but are generally bad, making getting around very difficult. The main roads are sealed, but elsewhere are poor-quality dirt, where a 4-wheel drive is necessary. Due to the unseasonal rain which had been falling during our first ten days, many roads had turned to mud.

Several ground agents operate from Addis Abeba. We used Experience Ethiopia Travel (ETT), an outfit run by Kassa Tadesse. They provided a 4WD vehicle and booked accommodation for us at all the localities we visited.

The total cost for our trip was US$1597 per person, and this price included 4WD Toyota Land cruiser with insurance, accommodation, all meals, entrance fees, scouts in parks and guide service throughout the trip. Our bird guide Gebre Sellassie and driver Girma Tenan were reliable and helpful and can be thoroughly recommended.

Experience EthiopiaTravel
P.O. Box 9354
Addis Abeba
Ethiopia
Tel: (251 1) 152336
Fax: (251 1) 519982
E-mail: ETT@telecom.net.et
Web: http://www.telecom.net.et/eet

Nomenclature and Taxonomy

I have decided to follow the English names of James F. Clements (October 1991, Birds of the World, A Check List).

Common Birdspecies

The following list of birds we saw frequently, and if you spend any sort of time in the right habitats you will too: Great Cormorant, Egyptian Goose, Cattle Egret, Hamerkop, Wattled Ibis, Sacred Ibis, Marabou Stork, Black Kite, Hooded Vulture, White-backed Vulture, Dark Chanting-Goshawk, Eastern Chanting-Goshawk, Augur Buzzard, Eurasian Kestrel, Helmeted Guineafowl, Yellow-necked Spurfowl, Buff-crested Bustard, Common Sandpiper, Spur-winged Plover, Speckled Pigeon, Dusky Turtle-Dove, Laughing Dove, African Mourning Dove, Ring-necked Dove, Red-eyed Dove, Namaqua Dove, Speckled Mousebird, White-bellied Go-away-bird, European Bee-eater, Lilac-breasted Roller, Red-billed Hornbill, Eastern Yellow-billed Hornbill, African Paradise-Flycatcher, Fork-tailed Drongo, Cape Crow, Pied Crow, Brown-necked Raven, Fan-tailed Raven, Common Fiscal, White-rumped Shrike, Greater and Lesser Blue-eared Glossy-Starling, Superb Starling, Pied Wheatear, Isabelline Wheatear, Sand Martin, Rock Martin, Barn Swallow, Common Bulbul, Broad-ringed White-eye, Grey-backed Camaroptera, Willow Warbler, Swainson's Sparrow, Red-cheeked Cordonblue, Yellow Wagtail, Red-billed and White-headed Buffalo-Weaver, White-browed Sparrow-Weaver, Village Weaver, Red-billed Quelea.

For a detailed report of species and numbers please refer to the systematic list at the end of this report.

Acknowledgements

Many thanks to Girma Tenan and Gebre Sellassie of ETT, our driver (cook) and guide, who worked very long hours and without whom the trip would not have been so successful and to Gerald Broddelez who did much of the pre-trip preparations.

References

Books

The reference used was Ber van Perlo's Illustrated Checklist which covers all birds in the area and was found to be just about sufficient though some of the illustrations are somewhat basic, and it was frequently necessary to refer to the hefty Birds of Kenya and Northern Tanzania by Zimmerman et al. Nigel Wheatley's Where to watch birds in Africa is useful at the planning stage.

Reports and Articles

Richard Webb's trip report is an excellent and essential guide to all the bird sites, with additional information from the report by Jon Hornbuckle.

Software

BirdBase & BirdArea. I use this software to keep track of the birds I have seen and to make lists of any country, labelling endemics and birds previously seen in that country, outside it, or both. BirdArea can produce checklists of the birds of any country of Clements' world birds.

Itinerary

Using Richard Webb's trip report as a guide we spent the bare minimum of time at most sites in order to visit them all. Extra time would have been welcome at many places, particularly Lake Awasa, the Sanetti Plateau and Harrena Forest.

October 8Chaam * Brussels * Rome * Jeddah * Addis Abeba
October 9Addis Abeba * Gefersa Reservoir * Sululta Plains * Jemmu Escarpment/Valley * Alem Ketema
October 10Alem Ketema * Jemmu Valley/Escarpment * Sululta Plains * Debre Birhan
October 11Debre Birhan * Ankober Escarpment * Melka Ghebdu * Ankober * Addis Abeba * Awash
October 12Awash * Fantale Crater * Awash National Park * Awash
October 13Awash * Awash National Park * Nazeret * Lake Ziway * Lake Langano (escarpment)
October 14Lake Langano * Shashemene * Wondo Genet * Awasa
October 15Awasa fish market * Shashemene * Kofele * Bale Mountains National Park * Goba
October 16Goba * Robe * Sof Omar * Robe * Goba
October 17Goba * Sanetti Plateau * Harrena Forest * Genale Valley * Negele
October 18Negele * Negele Plains * Filtu * Bogol Manyo
October 19Bogol Manyo * Genale River * Bogol Manyo * Filtu * Negele
October 20Negele * Wadera * Negele * Arero
October 21Arero * Yabelo * Konso * Wolto
October 22Wolto * Turmi * Fejeje * Turmi
October 23Turmi * Konso * Arba Minch * Nechisar National Park
October 24Arba Minch * Nechisar National Park * Abijatta Shala National Park * Lake Langano
October 25Lake Langano * Abijatta Shala National Park * Lake Ziway * Addis Abeba
October 26Addis Abeba * Ghion * Gibe Gorge * Ghion * Addis Abeba
October 27Addis Abeba * Jeddah * Rome * Brussels * Chaam

Sites

Richard Webb's trip report is an excellent and essential guide to all the bird sites. So the notes on a few sites are only an update.

Lake Ziway

The turning in the town of Ziway by the Agip garage leads to the fishing jetty. A good lot of waders, herons etc. can be found here.

Birds seen here: Little Cormorant, African Darter, Great White Pelican, Pygmy Goose, Black Heron, Little, Intermediate & Great Egret, Squacco Heron, Hamerkop, Glossy Ibis, Osprey, African Fish-Eagle, Western Marsh-Harrier, Black Crake, Lesser Moorhen, Jacana, Lesser Jacana, Greenshank, Green, Wood & Common Sanpiper, Little Stint, Black-winged Stilt, Heuglin's Gull, Grey-headed Gull, White-winged & Whiskered Tern, Malachite, Woodland, Pied & Northern Carmine Bee-eater, Yellow-fronted Tinkerbird, Sand Martin, Lesser Striped Swallow.

Kofele

The Abyssinian Owl site. 51km east from Shashemene en route to Goba you reach an open area surrounded by eucalypti in an area of open grassland. Abyssinian Owl regularly roosts in the eucalypti. The village children took us immediately to the north-east corner as sketched in Richard Webb's report. However we did not find the bird here, and eventually the owl was located in a row of eucalypti a few hundred meters north of this spot (map sketch avaiable from the author).

Negele Plains (Sidamo Lark Site)

Sidamo Lark occurs in grassland at the junction of the Filtu-Bogol Manyo/Arero roads c.13 km south-east of Negele. This has become a sensitive military training area, and armed sentries are posted at the road junction. We made a stroll on the grasslands and were allowed to do this. Some other birders were not allowed to walk in this area in February 1999. I think that we were lucky.

Birds seen here: Hooded, White-backed, Rueppell's & Lappet-faced Vulture, Pallid Harrier, Eurasian Kestrel, Eurasian Hobby, Coqui Francolin, Hartlaub's Bustard, Temminck's Courser, Crowned Lapwing, Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush, White-crowned Starling, Isabelline Wheatear, Tiny & Desert Cisticola, Sidamo Lark, Rufous Short-toed Lark, Rufous Sparrow and Plain-backed Pipit.

Route Negele - Bogol Manyo

It is worthwhile to make a few stops en route from the Negele Plains to Bogol Manyo. We made a few stops in likely looking habitat, and the best stops were 35 km west of Filtu and 56 km east of Filtu. At 56 km east of Filtu we did see Salvadori's Serin, a bird we dipped at Sof Omar (a considerable distance away and until recently the only known site for this species). Jon Hornbuckle et al did also see Salvadori's Serin in this area, and I am sure that given time we would have seen more Salvadori's Serins.

Amongst the species seen en route were: Shikra, Grasshopper Buzzard, Imperial Eagle, Martial Eagle, Buff-crested & White-bellied Bustard, Three-banded Courser, Burchell's Courser, Donaldson Smith's Nightjar, Somali Bee-eater, Abyssinian Scimitar-bill, Cardinal Woodpecker, Black-throated Barbet, Taita Fiscal, Brubru, Pringle's Puffback, Red-naped Bushshrike, White Helmetshrike, Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush, Shelley's Starling, White-crowned Starling, Pale Flycatcher, White-breasted White-Eye, Pale Prinia, Brown-tailed Apalis, Red-faced Apalis, Grey Wren-Warbler, Yellow-vented Eremomela, Short-billed Crombec, Banded Warbler, Somali Tit, Gillett's Lark, Yellow-spotted Petronia, Purple Grenadier, Cut-throat, Straw-tailed Whydah, Hunter's Sunbird, Kenya Yellow-rumped Seedeater, Salvadori's Serin, Abyssinian Grosbeak-Canary, Somali Bunting.

Gibe Gorge

3 hours from Addis Abeba and 10km beyond Welkite. There are bird tracks leading to farms on right hand side of the road, on either side of the river, for Uelle Broad-tailed Whydah and Abyssinian Whydah. We failed to find both species, but instead found 4 "Ethiopian Cliff-Swallows" in a group of Lesser Striped-Swallows.

Birds seen here: Great White Pelican, Hadada Ibis, Hooded & White-backed Vulture, Brown Snake-Eagle, Bateleur, Levant Sparrowhawk, Common Buzzard, Verreaux's Eagle, Four-banded Sandgrouse, Laughing Dove, Namaqua Dove, Speckled Mousebird, Striped Kingfisher, Blue-breasted Bee-eater, Northern Puffback, Three-streaked Tchagra, Tropical Boubou, Rufous-tailed Rock-Thrush, Wattled Starling, Spotted & Dusky Flycatcher, Common Nightingale, White-crowned Robin-Chat, Common Redstart, Common Stonechat, Familiar Chat, Lesser Striped Swallow, "Ethiopian Cliff-Swallow", Grey-backed Camaroptera, Olivaceous Warbler, Willow Warbler, Blackcap, Lesser Whitethroat, White-rumped Babbler, Swainson's Sparrow, Yellow-spotted Petronia, Bush Petronia, Red-billed Firefinch, Red-cheeked Cordonblue, Village Indigobird, Baglafecht & Village Weaver, Black-winged Bishop, White-winged & Red-collared Widowbird, Collared Sunbird, African Citril, White-throated Serin, Ortolan Bunting, Cinnamon-breasted Bunting and Reichard's Seedeater.

Daily Log

Friday 8th October

Our trip started with an Alitalia flight from Brussels to Rome and via Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) to Addis Abeba. We landed at Addis Abeba (altitude 2400m) around 23.00 local time (one hour time difference with the Netherlands).

Heavy rain greeted our arrival in Ethiopia. Having changed money we left the confines of the airport building, and ETT transferred us to the Holiday hotel, where we met Chris and Gerald, who had already been three days in Ethiopia.

Saturday 9th October

Next morning our first birds seen around the hotel included Peregrine Falcon, White-collared Pigeon, Brown-rumped Seedeater and Abyssinian Siskin.

After visiting the ETT-office we headed to the Gefersa Reservoir on the outskirts of the capital. Here we had our first real taste of the endemics and noted amongst others Blue-winged Goose, Wattled Ibis, Rouget's Rail and an Abyssinian Longclaw playing hide-and-seek amongst grass tussocks and a lot of other birds including Red-knobbed Coot, Moorland Chat and Yellow-crowned Bishop. Not a bad start and one that set the pace for the rest of the trip.

In the afternoon we left the Addis Abeba area and then out onto the Sululta Plains, a high altitude country with grain fields, hay meadows and many small tarns and marshes. Amongst the birds we encountered on the plains were Pallid Harrier, Lanner Falcon, Abyssinian Ground-Hornbill, Groundscraper Thrush, Botta's Wheatear and Yellow Bishop.

We continued north to the Jemmu Escarpment, and Fox Kestrel, Erckell's Francolin, Blue-breasted Barbet, White-billed Starling and Rueppell's Chat were all seen on the way down into the Rift Valley.

We spent a short time along the river while a puncture was repaired. A wealth of species here quickly expanded our fast growing list, amongst them Osprey, Senegal Thick-knee, Blue-spotted Wood-Dove and Black-billed Barbet.

Four kilometres before we would have been in Alem Katima our Toyota got up to our axles stuck in the mud, and we had to walk with our hand luggage to the nearby village. We spent the night in the local 'hotel' and had our first taste of injera. I preferred the local beer St. George.

Sunday 10th October

With the help of more than 50 people from the village our car was 'lifted' out of the mud, but it was already late when we were back in the Jemmu Valley. We spent some time birding along the edge of the river finding White-throated Serin, perhaps the least inspiring of the endemics. Other birds we found here were Harwood's Francolin (only heard), Dideric Cuckoo, Senegal Coucal, Hemprich's Hornbill, Erlanger's Lark, White-rumped Babbler, Crimson-rumped Waxbill and several Palearctic visitors including Common Cuckoo, Masked Shrike, White-throated Robin, Olivaceous Warbler and Ortolan Bunting.

At the escarpment we added Verreaux's Eagle, Stone Partridge, Black-winged Lovebird and at the top the endemic White-winged Cliff-Chat to our list.

Leaving the escarpment behind we again took a drive across the wide open Sululta Plains. The drive through kilometres of golden wheat and tef fields was interspersed with many raptor sightings including Black-winged Kites and Pallid and Montagu's Harriers.

We made a few stops on the way to look at some flocks of Black-winged Lapwings and a real surprise, two Caspian Plovers, a bird I had not seen since my 1982 trip to Israel.

In the late afternoon we arrived at Debre Birhan where we checked into Hotel Akalu, a fairly good hotel.

Monday 11th October

It was very cold next morning, when we headed to the stunning escarpment near Ankober to look for the recently discovered Ankober Serin. En route we saw the best bird of the trip, the rare Somali Starling. We had telescope views of a group of 15 birds in the top of a tree.

Rain and a cold wind buffeted us as we searched the steep cliffs for this unassuming species and eventually were rewarded with Questar views (10 metres) of a group of 8 Ankober Serins.

Other birds we encountered here were Rufous-chested Sparrowhawk, Moorland and Erckell's Francolin, Abyssinian Longclaw, Long-billed Pipit and Streaky Seedeater. The rain drove us back in the cover of our car, and we then descended into the valley at Melka Ghebdu. The woodland along the river was very productive with Eastern Grey Plantaineater, Bruce's Green-Pigeon, Black-billed Woodhoopoe, Mouse-coloured Penduline-Tit and the endemic Yellow-throated Serin.

We got a brief taste of the raptor migration as we obtained marvellous views of several Greater Spotted and Lesser Spotted Eagles and more than 2000 Steppe Buzzards. At midday we combed the riverbed in a hot and tiring effort to find the Half-collared Kingfisher, a bird I had dipped a few months ago in Malawi. We had excellent views of this kingfisher, a bird I had failed to find on so many occasions during my Africa trips.

We then returned to Debre Birhan as the direct route to Awash was impassable and after lunch headed to Addis. We passed the capital in heavy traffic and arrived at Awash at 21.30, where we checked into the Buffet Aouache Hotel.

Tuesday 12th October

The following day involved an early start as we drove to the Mount Fantale crater rim. On our way to the crater we picked up an armed guard from the NP main entrance.

At the crater we found Bristle-crowned Starling, the rare and little-known Sombre Chat, Boran Cisticola, Yellow-throated Serin and the striking local race of House Bunting.

At mid-morning we were en route to the Filowha hot springs, making various stops along the way to explore the dry bush country. This year heavy rains prior to our visit ensured that the area was unseasonably verdant and leaping with birds. The more open woodland held Pygmy Falcon, Harlequin Quail, Yellow-breasted Barbet, Rosy-patched Shrike, Shelley's Starling and Grey Wren-Warbler to name but a few.

The hot springs area seemed lifeless and did not bring any new birds, but a few kilometres further we explored an area around a pool in a forest and were able to find a few specialities, amongst them Abyssinian Scimitarbill, Rufous-necked Wryneck, Black-throated Barbet, Abyssinian Woodpecker and Pygmy Batis.

Other birds we did see en route to the park HQ were Small Buttonquail, Buff-crested Bustard, Pearl-spotted Owlet, Wahlberg's Honeyguide, Slate-coloured Boubou, Grey-headed Batis, Black Scrub-Robin, Upcher's Warbler, Brown Warbler and Shining Sunbird.

In the afternoon we started our search on the plains for the Arabian Bustard. Till dusk we stayed on the plains, but failed to find the "quest" bird. Amongst the birds we did see were Star-spotted Nightjar and Somali Fiscal. The 'game' element of birding on these plains was not absent, and we did see Common and Black-backed Jackal, Common Warthog, Salt's Dikdik, Greater Kudu, Beisa Oryx, Soemmerring's Gazelle and Swayne's Hartebeest.

Wednesday 13th October

The next morning we were up early and set for an area north of Awash NP, and according to Gebre an excellent area for the Arabian Bustard. Most of the birds seen were the same ones as we did see yesterday, but amongst the 'new' ones were Grasshopper Buzzard, Northern Carmine Bee-eaters riding on the backs of Kori Bustards, Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse and Chestnut-headed Sparrow-Lark. However we did not find the Arabian Bustard, Murphy's Law again.

Not having completely achieved our objectives at Awash, we set off for our journey south down the Rift Valley. The line of the Rift Valley in this part of Africa is marked by several lakes, and we called in at Lake Ziway at the fishing jetty, encountering African Pygmy Goose, Lesser Moorhen, Lesser Jacana and Heuglin's Gull before reaching a second lake, Langano, where we spent the night in the Bekela Molla Hotel, which was pre-booked by ETT.

In the late afternoon we made a stroll around the hotel grounds, and the trees and scrub behind the hotel near the escarpment provided some good birding with Banded Barbet, Little Rock-Thrush, Mocking Cliff-Chat, Boran Cisticola, Buff-bellied Warbler, Northern Crombec and White-winged Black-Tit.

Thursday 14th October

Before dawn the following day we set off to drive to Wondo Genet. When we arrived at the Wabe Shabella Hotel, close to the hot springs for which the area is famous, we discovered that a suitcase was gone from the top of our Landcruiser; it turned out to be Chris' suitcase! Girma returned to Langano to find the suitcase, and in the mean time we made a stroll in the hotel gardens.

We saw Yellow-fronted Parrot in the fruiting trees easily, along with Abyssinian Woodpecker, Thick-billed Raven, Dark-headed Oriole, Abyssinian Slaty-Flycatcher and Greater Spotted Eagle, a magnificent adult, perched at very close range. We then explored a lush forest one kilometre from the hotel, and new birds came quickly, and amongst many others we saw Lemon Dove, White-cheeked Turaco, Double-toothed Barbet, Red-shouldered Cuckoo-Shrike, Black-headed Batis, Banded Wattle-eye, Brown Sawwing and Abyssinian Hill-Babbler. At the hot springs we again had good looks at Half-collared Kingfisher and also saw Black-and-white Mannikin and Mountain Wagtail.

At midday Girma returned from his search, and it turned out that the suitcase was found at a nearby village, empty. The police with the help of the local chief and Girma had arrested the thieves, and we spent the rest of the day at the police station in Shashemene trying to get Chris' stuff back including his passport and ticket. We did not succeed, and at 8.00 p.m. we drove to Awasa and checked into the Wabe Shabelle Hotel, tired and chagrined.

Friday 15th October

Early next morning found us along Lake Awasa at the so-called Fish Market. The trees along the lake provided some good birding including sights of Woodland Kingfisher, Banded Barbet, Brown-throated Wattle-eye, Stout Cisticola and, perhaps best of all, a pair of Spotted Creepers which gave fantastic views.

Then we headed to the town of Shashemene, and it was not before we had made a visit to the mayor of the town that Chris got his suitcase, passport and ticket back. It turned out that he had lost most of his clothes and other stuff.

From the acacia woodlands and reed fringed lakes of the Rift Valley we drove high into the Bale Mountains. En route a stop at some unlikely looking eucalyptus trees found us staring up at an Abyssinian Owl staring back down at us. At Dinaho we made a few stops in the mountains and added Chestnut-naped Francolin to our list. Then came torrential rain and we had to stop birding. At 19.30 we arrived at another Wabe Shabelle Hotel in Goba.

Saturday 16th October

We set out the following day to drive to Sof Omar in pouring rain. Our first stop was not far from Robe at a small roadside wetland where we located a superb flock of 80 Spot-breasted Lapwings and many other waders.

After a few hours we reached Sof Omar at the scenic Weyb River gorge. The weather had cleared, and we spent all day at the gorge. We spent much of the day searching unsuccessfully for Salvadori's Serin, our target bird, but saw many other interesting birds in the attempt, amongst them African Pygmy Kingfisher, Lesser Honeyguide, Sulphur-breasted Bushshrike, Small Grey Flycatcher, Brown-tailed Chat, Northern Brownbul, Brown-tailed Apalis, Somali Tit and Olive Sunbird.

In the late afternoon we reluctantly (especially Chris) had eventually to head back to Goba, subdued and disappointed. ETT's second car was already waiting for us.

Sunday 17th October

A 5.30 start for a drive across the spectacular Sanetti Plateau, 4000m above sea level. At this island in the sky we watched two endemic Simien Wolves, the world's most critically endangered canine, and Abyssinian Longclaw, Blue-winged Goose, Ruddy Shelduck, Wattled Ibis, Chestnut-naped Francolin, Rouget's Rail, Spot-breasted Lapwing and Moorland Chat, but none of Africa's only Golden Eagles. We spent a very short time at the Harrena Forest, which was dripping with spanish moss, where we added two endemics, Abyssinian Catbird and White-backed Black-Tit, to our bird list.

The rest of the day was largely a travelling day as we set out to drive to Negele in south-eastern Ethiopia. The dirt road was at some places very bad, but the drive proved less of an ordeal than we thought it would be.

We made a stop at the Genale Valley to find Ruspoli's Turaco, but despite help from the local people we had a fruitless search along the wadi to the west and east of the road. We saw many other good birds, including Bruce's Green-Pigeon, Levaillant's Cuckoo, Red-and-yellow Barbet, Greater Honeyguide and Rufous Chatterer. We arrived at Negele at 19.00 p.m. and checked into Hotel Green no. 2.

Monday 18th October

At first light we were at the Negele plains at the Sidamo Lark site. The army was also present, and we feared that we were not allowed to bird in this sensitive military training area, but when we made a stroll on the plains nobody tried to stop us. Overhead, we watched soaring Rueppell's, Hooded, White-backed & Lappet-faced Vultures, while obliging Rufous Short-toed Larks and White-crowned Starlings were found in the dry grass. However, we had to drive with our cars on the plains before we had good views of our target bird, the Sidamo Lark.

We left the plains for the long drive (270 km) to Bogol Manyo. Driving to Bogol Manyo and birding on the way, we had a number of memorable sights, amongst them Burchell's Courser, Pringle's Puffback, Red-naped Bushshrike, Yellow-vented Eremomela, Somali Crombec, Gillett's Lark and Abyssinian Grosbeak-Canary.

East of the small town of Filtu we had one of the biggest surprises of the trip when we encountered a group of Salvadori's Serins, a bird we had dipped at Sof Omar.

In the late afternoon we arrived at Bogol Manyo and ticked off White-winged Collared-Dove, while Gebre and Girma negotiated with the local people. We obtained permission to sleep in the "village hall" under the protection of two armed guards. Most of us preferred to sleep in a tent outside the hall. Girma turned out to be a very good cook.

Tuesday 19th October

Dawn found us a few kilometres east of Bogol Manyo searching for Degodi Lark. The larks succumbed easily, and the same area also produced Great Spotted Cuckoo, Red-faced Apalis, Banded Warbler, Somali Bunting and Ethiopian Sawwing, another poorly-known species.

Continuing 15 km further east we headed to the Genale River, and here we quickly found Spotted Morning-Thrush, Short-billed Crombec, Scaly Chatterer and Salvadori's Weaver. We returned to Bogol Manyo and then began the long drive back to Negele. We made a few stops en route, but did not see any 'new' birds and arrived before dark at Negele. We again spent the night at the Hotel Green.

Wednesday 20th October

The next day we set off for Wadera, the best Prince Ruspoli's Turaco site. In about 15 minutes we found a pair of the Prince Ruspoli's Turaco in a fruiting tree with lots of Silvery-cheeked Hornbills. Other interesting birds we encountered here were Yellow-fronted Parrot, Scaly-throated Honeyguide, Sulphur-breasted Bushshrike and Brown Woodland-Warbler.

At 10 o'clock we were back in Negele, and after one of our cars had been repaired, we left this small town and set off for Arero. The road was diabolical and although the distance was only some 180 kms, it was 6.30 p.m. before we arrived.

Some birding stops en route turned up Pied Cuckoo, Three-streaked Tchagra, Black-capped Social-Weaver and Purple-banded Sunbird. Best of all was the Questar/Swarovski-filling view of the enigmatic White-tailed Swallow near Arero, perched obligingly and even fly-catching to show off its white tail. We spent the night at Arero, where the hotel was very basic, with no water.

Thursday 21st October

We set out the following day to drive to Yabelo. En route we watched White-tailed Swallows and groups of equally enigmatic Stresemann's Bush-Crows, probably the most remarkable bird in the whole of Africa. It is restricted to a tiny area around Yabelo, and ornithologists have been unable to determine what it is related to or why it is only found in this one area. Many other dry country birds were seen amongst them Bare-faced Go-away-bird, d'Arnaud's Barbet, Shelley's Starling, White-crowned Starling, Large Grey Flycatcher, Grey Wren-Warbler, Black-cheeked Waxbill and Golden Pipit.

Via Yabelo we headed to Konso, where we had a very late lunch. We spent the night camping in a very small village 70 kms west of Konso near a police station.

Friday 22nd October

Next morning found us driving across the plains to Turmi to the bare-breasted Hamer girls. We spent a short time in Turmi and then set off for Fejeje near Lake Turkana to search for the rare Heuglin's Bustard. Once again we failed in finding our target bird, despite a very thorough search in the dry bush country near Lake Turkana. Other birds we did see were African Hawk-Eagle, Vulturine Guineafowl, Spotted Thick-knee, Chestnut-bellied & Black-faced Sandgrouse, Black-throated Barbet, African Bare-eyed Thrush, Magpie Starling, Pale Prinia, Pink-breasted Lark and Spectacled Weaver.

In the late afternoon we headed back to the Hamer girls in Turmi, where Eric was very active with his video camera. In this remote part of Ethiopia we camped again, this time beside a river a few kilometres south of Turmi.

Saturday 23rd October

A largely travelling day as we drove northwards to Arba Minch. En route Turmi - Konso - Arba Minch we made a few stops, and amongst the many birds we noted were Grasshopper Buzzard, Booted Eagle, Alpine Swift, Familiar Chat, Northern Masked-Weaver and Violet-backed Sunbird.

In the early afternoon we arrived at the Bekele Molla Hotel in Arba Minch. After camping in the wilds, it made a pleasant change to stay in a comfortable hotel near Nechisar National Park. Late afternoon saw us in nearby Nechisar NP where we added Goliath Heron, Broad-billed Roller, Green Woodhoopoe, Rattling Cisticola and White-tailed Lark to our list. Mammal sightings included Klipspringer, Greater Kudu, Soemmerring's Gazelle, Swayne's Hartebeest, Burchell's Zebra and Black-backed Jackal.

We waited at the plains for dusk. The following four hours were very good with large numbers of nightjars being flushed of the track, and at least a dozen nightjars were caught by Eric and Gerald with their bare hands. Even in the hand it was difficult to identify the birds, but most of them were Slender-tailed Nightjars. Amongst the nightjars we identified were Donaldson Smith's Nightjar, Plain Nightjar and Star-spotted Nightjar. In addition, Verreaux's Eagle-Owl and Marsh Owl were seen on the track. Although a fairly good hotel, the long bug-infested night in my hotel room ranks as one of my worst experiences ever.

Sunday 24th October

Due to problems with our car, we had the luxury of a late breakfast, and it was already mid-morning when we entered the riverine forest near the entrance to Nechisar NP. Too late of course, and we did not see many birds, amongst them White-cheeked Turaco and Red-capped Robin-Chat.

Hereafter we left Nechisar NP and set off northwards again into the Rift Valley. In the late afternoon we arrived at Abijatta Shala National Park. The lake held a fine selection of waterfowl. Greater and Lesser Flamingos were particularly numerous, while the muddy margins held a number of migrants waders including Black-tailed Godwit, Marsh Sandpiper, Little Stint, Ruff and Curlew Sandpiper. Other interesting birds encountered at this water-birds paradise were Grey Kestrel, Imperial Eagle, Black-crowned Crane and Caspian Tern.

It was already dark when we arrived at the Bekele Molla Hotel at Lake Langano.

Monday 25th October

Our pre-breakfast birding around the hotel grounds produced Banded Barbet, Mouse-coloured Penduline-Tit and Cut-throat, and we had good views of a Black-faced Firefinch. Leaving Lake Langano we effectively 'crossed the road' to visit the shoreline of Lake Abijatta once again alive with thousands of Greater and Lesser Flamingos and many ducks, amongst them Comb Duck, Cape Teal, Northern Pintail, Hottentot Teal, Garganey, Northern Shoveler, and Southern Pochard.

Hereafter we headed to Lake Ziway, seeing the same species as 2 weeks ago. En route to the capital we made a stop at Lake Cheleckleka. Amongst the new birds were Common Crane and our only Rueppell's Weaver of the trip.

We spent our last night in Ethiopia at Hotel Holiday in Addis.

Tuesday 26th October

Our last destination in Ethiopia was a baking hot Gibe Gorge, three hours south-west of Addis. We stayed till 13.30 at the gorge, and highlights we encountered were Levant Sparrowhawk, Verreaux's Eagle, Four-banded Sandgrouse, White-crowned Robin-Chat, Familiar Chat and 4 "Ethiopian Cliff-Swallows" in a group of Lesser Striped-Swallows, White-throated Serin and Reichard's Seedeater.

The long drive back to Addis was an unavoidable anticlimax, but the final addition to our bird list was a pair of Wattled Cranes seen in the fields along the road, only a short distance from Addis Abeba.

Monday 27th October

At 0.30 a.m. we left Addis Ababa, and at 12.00 p.m. we were back in Brussels.

The final total for the three weeks trip was 529 species of birds. I finished the trip with 83 lifers. In addition to all these birds 33 species of mammal were seen on the trip.

My ten best birds of the trip? Spot-breasted Lapwing, Prince Ruspoli's Turaco, Abyssinian Owl, Half-collared Kingfisher, Banded Barbet, Stresemann's Bush-Crow, Red-naped Bushshrike, Somali Starling, White-tailed Swallow and Ankober Serin, lifers all of course.

Systematic List of Birds

This list follows the taxonomy, names and sequence of James F. Clements (July 1991, Birds of the World, A Check List and Supplements No. 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5).

This specific treatment follows Dr. Charles Sibley and Dr. Burt L. Monroe, Jr (1990, Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World, Yale University Press).

Species in brackets are the English names in Birds of Eastern Africa by Ber van Perlo, but only mentioned when these differ substantially from the Clements Check List.

The Dutch names follow the translated Complete Checklist of Birds of the World (Complete Checklist van Vogels van de Wereld) of Michael Walters.

Numbers quoted are estimates of the minimum numbers seen.

The following abbreviations are used:

NP = National Park
100+ = at least 100 birds
* = endemic bird

  1. LITTLE GREBE, Tachybaptus ruficollis, Dodaars
    Small numbers in suitable habitat.
  2. GREAT CRESTED GREBE, Podiceps cristatus, Fuut
    A single one at the Gefersa Reservoir.
  3. EARED (BLACK-NECKED) GREBE, Podiceps nigricollis, Geoorde Fuut
    1000+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  4. LONG-TAILED CORMORANT, Phalacrocorax africanus, Afrikaanse Dwergaalscholver
    Small numbers in suitable habitat.
  5. GREAT CORMORANT, Phalacrocorax carbo, Aalscholver
    A fairly common and widespread bird.
  6. AFRICAN DARTER, Anhinga rufa, Afrikaanse Slangenhalsvogel
    10+ at Lake Ziway, several at Lake Awasa.
  7. GREAT WHITE PELICAN, Pelecanus onocrotalus, Roze Pelikaan
    Fairly common at the Rift Valley lakes.
  8. PINK-BACKED PELICAN, Pelecanus rufescens, Kleine Pelikaan
    Small numbers at the Rift Valley lakes.
  9. WHITE-FACED WHISTLING-DUCK, Dendrocygna viduata, Witwangfluiteend
    25+ at Lake Awasa.
  10. * BLUE-WINGED GOOSE, Cyanochen cyanopterus, Blauwvleugelgans
    Rather common at the Ethiopian plateaux.
  11. EGYPTIAN GOOSE, Alopochen aegyptiacus, Nijlgans
    A common and widespread species.
  12. RUDDY SHELDUCK, Tadorna ferruginea, Casarca
    2 at the Sanetti Plateau (Bale Mountains NP).
  13. SPUR-WINGED GOOSE, Plectropterus gambensis, Spoorwiekgans
    Small numbers at the Rift Valley lakes.
  14. COMB (KNOB-BILLED) DUCK, Sarkidiornis melanotos, Knobbeleend
    A few at the Rift Valley lakes.
  15. AFRICAN PYGMY-GOOSE, Nettapus auritus, Afrikaanse Dwergeend
    1 at Lake Ziway.
  16. CAPE TEAL, Anas capensis, Kaapse Taling
    50+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  17. YELLOW-BILLED DUCK, Anas undulata, Geelsnaveleend
    Small numbers en route at small rivers and lakes.
  18. NORTHERN PINTAIL, Anas acuta, Pijlstaart
    A single one at Abijatta Shala NP.
  19. HOTTENTOT TEAL, Anas hottentota, Hottentottaling
    2 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  20. GARGANEY, Anas querquedula, Zomertaling
    3 at the Gefersa Reservoir, 1 near Goba and 10+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  21. NORTHERN SHOVELER, Anas clypeata, Slobeend
    A few at the Gefersa Reservoir, 3 near Goba, 80+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  22. SOUTHERN POCHARD, Netta erythrophthalma, Bruine Krooneend
    20+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  23. GREATER FLAMINGO, Phoenicopterus ruber, Flamingo
    100+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  24. LESSER FLAMINGO, Phoenicopterus minor, Kleine Flamingo
    1 at Nechisar NP, abundant at Abijatta Shala NP.
  25. BLACK HERON, Egretta ardesiaca, Zwarte Reiger
    A single one at Lake Ziway.
  26. LITTLE EGRET, Egretta garzetta, Kleine Zilverreiger
    Small numbers in suitable habitat in the Rift Valley.
  27. INTERMEDIATE (YELLOW-BILLED) EGRET, Mesophoyx intermedia, Middelste Zilverreiger
    Single ones at Lake Ziway and Abijatta Shala NP.
  28. GREY HERON, Ardea cinerea, Blauwe Reiger
    Small numbers seen on most days.
  29. GREAT EGRET, Ardea alba, Grote Zilverreiger
    Small numbers in suitable habitat in the Rift Valley.
  30. BLACK-HEADED HERON, Ardea melanocephala, Zwartkopreiger
    Up to 5 a day.
  31. GOLIATH HERON, Ardea goliath, Reuzenreiger
    1 at Nechisar NP, 2 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  32. PURPLE HERON, Ardea purpurea, Purperreiger
    1 at the Gefersa Reservoir, 2 at Awash NP.
  33. CATTLE EGRET, Bubulcus ibis, Koereiger
    A common and widespread species.
  34. SQUACCO HERON, Ardeola ralloides, Ralreiger
    10+ at Lake Ziway, small numbers at Lake Awasa and Abijatta Shala NP.
  35. STRIATED (GREEN-BACKED) HERON, Butorides striatus, Mangrovereiger
    A single observation at Awash NP.
  36. HAMERKOP, Scopus umbretta, Hamerkop
    A rather common and widespread species.
  37. GLOSSY IBIS, Plegadis falcinellus, Zwarte Ibis
    10+ at Lake Ziway and a few at Abijatta Shala NP.
  38. HADADA IBIS, Bostrychia hagedash, Hadada-ibis
    Small numbers in the Goba area and a few near Gibe Gorge.
  39. * WATTLED IBIS, Bostrychia carunculata, Lelibis
    Fairly widely distributed across the Ethiopian plateaux.
  40. SACRED IBIS, Threskiornis aethiopicus, Heilige Ibis
    A common and widespread species.
  41. AFRICAN SPOONBILL, Platalea alba, Afrikaanse Lepelaar
    9 in the Goba area, 1 at Negele and 3 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  42. YELLOW-BILLED STORK, Mycteria ibis, Afrikaanse Nimmerzat
    A rather common and widespread species.
  43. AFRICAN OPENBILL, Anastomus lamelligerus, Afrikaanse Gaper
    60+ at Negele.
  44. BLACK STORK, Ciconia nigra, Zwarte Ooievaar
    A single observation at Melka Ghebdu.
  45. ABDIM'S STORK, Ciconia abdimii, Abdims Ooievaar
    2 at Nechisar NP and 1 at Ghion.
  46. WOOLLY-NECKED STORK, Ciconia episcopus, Bisschopsooievaar
    2 en route Arba Minch to Lake Langano.
  47. WHITE STORK, Ciconia ciconia, Ooievaar
    A single one en route Turmi to Konso.
  48. MARABOU STORK, Leptoptilos crumeniferus, Afrikaanse Maraboe
    A common and widespread species.
  49. OSPREY, Pandion haliaetus, Visarend
    Singles at the Jemmu Valley, Awash NP and Lake Ziway.
  50. EUROPEAN (WESTERN) HONEY-BUZZARD, Pernis apivorus, Wespendief
    2 at Awash NP.
  51. BLACK-SHOULDERED KITE, Elanus caeruleus, Grijze Wouw
    Up to 3 a day.
  52. BLACK KITE, Milvus migrans, Zwarte Wouw
    A very common and widespread species.
  53. AFRICAN FISH-EAGLE, Haliaeetus vocifer, Afrikaanse Zeearend
    Small numbers in suitable habitat.
  54. EGYPTIAN VULTURE, Neophron percnopterus, Aasgier
    A fairly common and widespread species, up to 10 a day.
  55. HOODED VULTURE, Necrosyrtes monachus, Kapgier
    A common and widespread species.
  56. WHITE-BACKED VULTURE, Gyps africanus, Witruggier
    Seen almost every day of the trip in small numbers.
  57. RUEPPELL'S GRIFFON, Gyps rueppellii, Rüppells Gier
    Seen almost every day of the trip in very small numbers.
  58. LAPPET-FACED VULTURE, Torgos tracheliotus, Oorgier
    1 at Melka Ghebdu, 2 at Bogol Manyo and 2 at Turmi.
  59. WHITE-HEADED VULTURE, Trigonoceps occipitalis, Witkopgier
    A single one en route Arero to Yabelo.
  60. BLACK-CHESTED SNAKE-EAGLE, Circaetus pectoralis, Zwartborstslangenarend
    A single bird en route Arero to Yabelo.
  61. BROWN SNAKE-EAGLE, Circaetus cinereus, Bruine Slangenarend
    Singles at the Jemmu Escarpment, Awash NP and Gibe Gorge.
  62. BATELEUR, Terathopius ecaudatus, Bateleur
    Small numbers daily in the south and 1 at Gibe Gorge.
  63. WESTERN (EURASIAN) MARSH-HARRIER, Circus aeruginosus, Bruine Kiekendief
    Singles at the Gefersa Reservoir, Awash NP and Lake Awasa, 2 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  64. PALLID HARRIER, Circus macrourus, Steppekiekendief
    Seen almost every day of the trip. Up to 5 a day.
  65. MONTAGU'S HARRIER, Circus pygargus, Grauwe Kiekendief
    Seen in very small numbers.
  66. AFRICAN HARRIER-HAWK, Polyboroides typus, Kaalkopkiekendief
    1 at Awash NP, 2 en route Negele to Arero and 2 near Turmi.
  67. DARK CHANTING-GOSHAWK, Melierax metabates, Donkere Zanghavik
    A fairly common bird in central Ethiopia.
  68. EASTERN CHANTING-GOSHAWK, Melierax poliopterus, Bleke Zanghavik
    Up to 10 a day in southern Ethiopia.
  69. GABAR GOSHAWK, Melierax gabar, Gabarhavik
    2 at Awash NP, 1 at Bogol Manyo and 1 at Nechisar NP.
  70. AFRICAN GOSHAWK, Accipiter tachiro, Afrikaanse Havik
    A single one at the Genale Valley.
  71. SHIKRA, Accipiter badius, Shikra
    1 at Awash NP, 1 at the Genale Valley and 2 at Filtu.
  72. LEVANT SPARROWHAWK, Accipiter brevipes, Balkansperwer
    6 at the Gibe Gorge.
  73. LITTLE SPARROWHAWK, Accipiter minullus, Oost-Afrikaanse Dwergsperwer
    A single one at Wondo Genet.
  74. RUFOUS-CHESTED SPARROWHAWK, Accipiter rufiventris, Afrikaanse Sperwer
    2 at the Ankober Escarpment.
  75. BLACK GOSHAWK, Accipiter melanoleucus, Zwarte Havik
    A single one at Wondo Genet.
  76. GRASSHOPPER BUZZARD, Butastur rufipennis, Sprinkhaanbuizerd
    2 at Awash NP and singles at Filtu and near Konso.
  77. COMMON BUZZARD, Buteo buteo, Buizerd
    2000+ at Melka Ghebdu (migration!) and small numbers at Awash NP and en route in Ethiopia.
  78. MOUNTAIN BUZZARD, Buteo oreophilus, Bergbuizerd
    A single bird at Arba Minch.
  79. AUGUR BUZZARD, Buteo augur, Augurbuizerd
    A common and widespread roadside species.
  80. LESSER SPOTTED EAGLE, Aquila pomarina, Schreeuwarend
    A few at Melka Ghebdu, Awash NP and Wondo Genet.
  81. GREATER SPOTTED EAGLE, Aquila clanga, Bastaardarend
    A few at Melka Ghebdu, Awash NP and Wondo Genet.
  82. TAWNY EAGLE, Aquila rapax, Taankleurige Arend
    Small numbers daily in central Ethiopia.
  83. STEPPE EAGLE, Aquila nipalensis, Steppearend
    A few at Melka Ghebdu and Awash NP.
  84. IMPERIAL EAGLE, Aquila heliaca, Keizerarend
    Single ones near Filtu,en route Negele to Arero and at Lake Abijatta NP.
  85. WAHLBERG'S EAGLE, Aquila wahlbergi, Wahlbergs Arend
    Single ones at the Jemmu Escarpment and Wondo Genet.
  86. VERREAUX'S EAGLE, Aquila verreauxii, Zwarte Arend
    1 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 1 near Genale and 1 at the Gibe Gorge.
  87. AFRICAN HAWK-EAGLE, Hieraaetus spilogaster, Afrikaanse Havikarend
    A pair at Fejeje.
  88. BOOTED EAGLE, Hieraaetus pennatus, Dwergarend
    1 en route Turmi to Konso, 2 at Lake Cheleckleka.
  89. AYRES' HAWK-EAGLE, Hieraaetus ayresii, Ayres' Havikarend
    1 at Wondo Genet.
  90. MARTIAL EAGLE, Polemaetus bellicosus, Vechtarend
    Single ones at Awash NP, near Filtu and south of Konso.
  91. LONG-CRESTED EAGLE, Lophaetus occipitalis, Afrikaanse Zwarte Kuifarend
    Up to 5 a day in suitable habitat.
  92. PYGMY FALCON, Polihierax semitorquatus, Afrikaanse Dwergvalk
    Up to 3 a day in suitable habitat.
  93. LESSER KESTREL, Falco naumanni, Kleine Torenvalk
    9 at Awash NP and 4 at Negele.
  94. EURASIAN (COMMON) KESTREL, Falco tinnunculus, Torenvalk
    Up to 8 a day.
  95. FOX KESTREL, Falco alopex, Vosvalk
    A single observation at the Jemmu Escarpment.
  96. GREY KESTREL, Falco ardosiaceus, Grijze Torenvalk
    A single one at Abijatta Shala NP.
  97. EURASIAN (NORTHERN) HOBBY, Falco subbuteo, Boomvalk
    Singles at the Negele Plains, near Yabelo and at Abijatta Shala NP.
  98. AFRICAN HOBBY, Falco cuvieri, Afrikaanse Boomvalk
    A single observation near Bogol Manyo.
  99. LANNER FALCON, Falco biarmicus, Lannervalk
    2 at the Sululta Plains, 1 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 1 near Addis Abeba and 2 at Sof Omar.
  100. PEREGRINE FALCON, Falco peregrinus, Slechtvalk
    A single one in Addis Abeba.
  101. HELMETED GUINEAFOWL, Numida meleagris, Helmparelhoen
    A very common bird in Ethiopia.
  102. VULTURINE GUINEAFOWL, Acryllium vulturinum, Gierparelhoen
    100+ in the Bogol Manyo area, 25+ in the Turmi area.
  103. COQUI FRANCOLIN, Francolinus coqui, Coquifrankolijn
    5 at the Negele Plains.
  104. MOORLAND FRANCOLIN, Francolinus psilolaemus, Hooglandfrankolijn
    3 at the Ankober Escarpment.
  105. CRESTED FRANCOLIN, Francolinus sephaena, Kuiffrankolijn
    A fairly common and widespread bird.
  106. * HARWOOD'S FRANCOLIN, Francolinus harwoodi, Harwoods Frankolijn
    Heard at the Jemmu Valley. GB and CS had seen the birds a few days earlier.
  107. ERCKELL'S FRANCOLIN, Francolinus erckelii, Erckels Frankolijn
    6 at the Jemmu Escarpment and 2 at the Ankober Escarpment.
  108. CHESTNUT-NAPED FRANCOLIN, Francolinus castaneicollis, Roestkopfrankolijn
    20+ at Bale Mountains NP.
  109. YELLOW-NECKED SPURFOWL, Francolinus leucoscepus, Geelkeelfrankolijn
    A fairly common appearance.
  110. COMMON QUAIL, Coturnix coturnix, Kwartel
    Heard at the Jemmu Valley, 20+ at Awash NP, heard near Goba.
  111. HARLEQUIN QUAIL, Coturnix delegorguei, Harlekijnkwartel
    2 at Awash NP.
  112. STONE PARTRIDGE, Ptilopachus petrosus, Rotspatrijs
    2 at the Jemmu Escarpment.
  113. SMALL (COMMON) BUTTONQUAIL, Turnix sylvatica, Gestreepte Vechtkwartel
    Small numbers at Awash NP.
  114. * ROUGET'S RAIL, Rougetius rougetii, Rougets Ral
    2 at the Gefersa Reservoir, 20+ at Bale Mountains NP (Sanetti Plateau).
  115. BLACK CRAKE, Amaurornis flavirostra, Zwart Porseleinhoen
    15+ at Lake Ziway, 3 at Lake Awasa.
  116. COMMON MOORHEN, Gallinula chloropus, Waterhoen
    1 at the Gefersa Reservoir, 4 at Lake Ziway.
  117. LESSER MOORHEN, Gallinula angulata, Afrikaans Waterhoen
    A single one at Lake Ziway.
  118. RED-KNOBBED COOT, Fulica cristata, Knobbelmeerkoet
    A few at the Gefersa Reservoir, 5 at Lake Awasa, 100+ at Lake Cheleckleka..
  119. COMMON CRANE, Grus grus, Kraanvogel
    75+ near Lake Cheleckleka, 20+ near Ghion.
  120. WATTLED CRANE, Grus carunculatus, Lelkraanvogel
    A pair near Ghion.
  121. BLACK CROWNED-CRANE, Balearica pavonina, Zwarte Kroonkraan
    3 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  122. KORI BUSTARD, Ardeotis kori, Koritrap
    2 at Awash NP, 1 at the Negele Plains, 7 at Fejeje and 4 in the Turmi area.
  123. BUFF-CRESTED BUSTARD, Eupodotis gindiana, Ethiopische Trap
    The commonest bustard. Seen in small numbers at Awash NP, common in the Bogol Manyo area and near Fejeje and Turmi.
  124. WHITE-BELLIED BUSTARD, Eupodotis senegalensis, Senegaltrap
    2 at Awash NP and 1 en route Bogol Manyo to Negele.
  125. BLACK-BELLIED BUSTARD, Eupodotis melanogaster, Zwartbuiktrap
    2 at Awash NP.
  126. HARTLAUB'S BUSTARD, Eupodotis hartlaubii, Hartlaubs Trap
    Singles at Awash NP and en route Turmi to Konso, 3 in the Bogol Manyo area.
  127. AFRICAN JACANA, Actophilornis africanus, Lelieloper
    Common at Lake Ziway, 10+ at Lake Awasa.
  128. LESSER JACANA, Microparra capensis, Dwergjacana
    2 at Lake Ziway.
  129. BLACK-TAILED GODWIT, Limosa limosa, Grutto
    3 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  130. EURASIAN CURLEW, Numenius arquata, Wulp
    3 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  131. SPOTTED REDSHANK, Tringa erythropus, Zwarte Ruiter
    1 near Robe.
  132. MARSH SANDPIPER, Tringa stagnatilis, Poelruiter
    1 near Robe, fairly common at Abijatta Shala NP.
  133. COMMON GREENSHANK, Tringa nebularia, Groenpootruiter
    1 at the Gefersa Reservoir, 4 at Awash NP, 1 at Goba and 1 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  134. GREEN SANDPIPER, Tringa ochropus, Witgat
    Seen in small numbers throughout the country.
  135. WOOD SANDPIPER, Tringa glareola, Bosruiter
    Seen in small numbers throughout the country.
  136. COMMON SANDPIPER, Actites hypoleucos, Oeverloper
    Seen in small numbers in suitable habitat, almost every day.
  137. LITTLE STINT, Calidris minuta, Kleine Strandloper
    3 at Lake Ziway, 10+ in the Robe area, 150+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  138. CURLEW SANDPIPER, Calidris ferruginea, Krombekstrandloper
    10+ in the Robe area, 50+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  139. RUFF, Philomachus pugnax, Kemphaan
    200+ in the Robe area, very common at Abijatta Shala NP.
  140. SENEGAL THICK-KNEE, Burhinus senegalensis, Senegalese Griel
    3 at the Jemmu Valley, 1 at Bogol Manyo.
  141. WATER THICK-KNEE, Burhinus vermiculatus, Watergriel
    6 at Awash NP.
  142. SPOTTED THICK-KNEE, Burhinus capensis, Kaapse Griel
    2 at Fejeje and 2 near Turmi.
  143. BLACK-WINGED (COMMON) STILT, Himantopus himantopus, Steltkluut
    Rather common in suitable habitat, 100+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  144. PIED (EURASIAN) AVOCET, Recurvirostra avosetta, Kluut
    30+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  145. THREE-BANDED COURSER, Rhinoptilus cinctus, Driebandrenvogel
    3 near Filtu. Sometimes considered as a separate race Heuglin's Courser.
  146. BURCHELL'S COURSER, Cursorius rufus, Rosse Renvogel
    3 near Filtu, 4 at Fejeje.
  147. TEMMINCK'S COURSER, Cursorius temminckii, Temmincks Renvogel
    3 at the Negele Plains, 8 at Bogol Manyo.
  148. COMMON RINGED PLOVER, Charadrius hiaticula, Bontbekplevier
    2 near Robe and 1 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  149. KITTLITZ'S PLOVER, Charadrius pecuarius, Herdersplevier
    Common at Abijatta Shala NP.
  150. CASPIAN PLOVER, Charadrius asiaticus, Kaspische Plevier
    2 at the Sululta Plains.
  151. SPUR-WINGED PLOVER, Vanellus spinosus, Sporenkievit
    A common and widespread species.
  152. BLACK-HEADED LAPWING, Vanellus tectus, Zwartkopkievit
    2 at Awash NP.
  153. * SPOT-BREASTED LAPWING, Vanellus melanocephalus, Ethiopische Kievit
    80+ near Robe and 4 at the Sanetti Plateau (Bale Mountains NP).
  154. BLACK-WINGED LAPWING, Vanellus melanopterus, Zwartvleugelkievit
    Up to 50 a day in the highlands.
  155. CROWNED LAPWING, Vanellus coronatus, Diadeemkievit
    Small numbers in suitable habitat.
  156. HERRING GULL, Larus argentatus, Zilvermeeuw
    Small numbers at Lake Ziway and Abijatta Shala NP. Sometimes considered as a separate race Heuglin's Gull.
  157. GRAY-HEADED GULL, Larus cirrocephalus, Grijskopmeeuw
    Several at Lake Ziway, Lake Awasa and Abijatta Shala NP.
  158. BLACK-HEADED GULL, Larus ridibundus, Kokmeeuw
    10+ at Lake Ziway and a few at Lake Awasa.
  159. WHISKERED TERN, Chlidonias hybridus, Witwangstern
    A few at Lake Ziway and Abijatta Shala NP.
  160. WHITE-WINGED TERN, Chlidonias leucopterus, Witvleugelstern
    The most common tern, seen at most lakes. 100+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  161. GULL-BILLED TERN, Sterna nilotica, Lachstern
    2 at Awash NP, 2 at Lake Ziway and 25+ at Abijatta Shala NP.
  162. CASPIAN TERN, Sterna caspia, Reuzenstern
    3 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  163. CHESTNUT-BELLIED SANDGROUSE, Pterocles exustus, Roodbuikzandhoen
    5 at Awash NP, 100+ at Bogol Manyo, 50+ in the Fejeje area.
  164. BLACK-FACED SANDGROUSE, Pterocles decoratus, Maskerzandhoen
    50+ at Bogol Manyo, 15+ at Fejeje.
  165. FOUR-BANDED SANDGROUSE, Pterocles quadricinctus, Vierbandzandhoen
    A male at Gibe Gorge.
  166. SPECKLED PIGEON, Columba guinea, Gespikkelde Duif
    The most widespread and common pigeon.
  167. *WHITE-COLLARED PIGEON, Columba albitorques, Witkraagduif
    Very common in the highlands.
  168. AFRICAN (OLIVE) PIGEON, Columba arquatrix, Olijfduif
    10+ at Wadera.
  169. LEMON DOVE, Columba larvata, Kaneeltortel
    2 at Wondo Genet.
  170. DUSKY TURTLE-DOVE, Streptopelia lugens, Rouwtortel
    A common and widespread species in the highlands.
  171. LAUGHING DOVE, Streptopelia senegalensis, Palmtortel
    A very common and widespread species.
  172. AFRICAN MOURNING DOVE, Streptopelia decipiens, Treurtortel
    A fairly common and widespread species.
  173. RING-NECKED DOVE, Streptopelia capicola, Kaapse Tortel
    A common species in the south.
  174. RED-EYED DOVE, Streptopelia semitorquata, Roodoogtortel
    A fairly common and widespread species.
  175. WHITE-WINGED COLLARED-DOVE, Streptopelia reichenowi, Witvleugeltortel
    Small numbers in the Bogol Manyo area.
  176. EMERALD-SPOTTED WOOD-DOVE, Turtur chalcospilos, Smaragdvlekduif
    Seen on most days, up to 5 a day.
  177. BLUE-SPOTTED WOOD-DOVE, Turtur afer, Staalvlekduif
    3 at the Jemmu Escarpment.
  178. TAMBOURINE DOVE, Turtur tympanistria, Tamboerijnduif
    1 at Wondo Genet and a few at the Genale Valley.
  179. NAMAQUA DOVE, Oena capensis, Maskerduif
    A common and widespread species.
  180. BRUCE'S GREEN-PIGEON, Treron waalia, Waaliaduif
    1 at the Jemmu Valley, 3 at Melka Ghebdu and several at the Genale Valley.
  181. MEYER'S (BROWN) PARROT, Poicephalus meyeri, Meyers Papegaai
    A single bird at Wondo Genet.
  182. * YELLOW-FRONTED PARROT, Poicephalus flavifrons, Geelmaskerpapegaai
    25+ at Wondo Genet and 1 at Wadera.
  183. RED-BELLIED (AFRICAN ORANGE-BELLIED) PARROT, Poicephalus rufiventris, Roodbuikpapegaai
    A rather common and widespread bird, up to 6 a day.
  184. * BLACK-WINGED LOVEBIRD, Agapornis taranta, Zwartvleugelagapornis
    2 at the Jemmu Escarpment and 5 at Wondo Genet.
  185. SPECKLED MOUSEBIRD, Colius striatus, Bruine Muisvogel
    A common species, up to 15 a day.
  186. BLUE-NAPED MOUSEBIRD, Urocolius macrourus, Blauwnekmuisvogel
    Small numbers at Awash NP and in the Turmi area.
  187. WHITE-CHEEKED TURACO, Tauraco leucotis, Witwangtoerako
    20+ at Wondo Genet and 1 at Nechisar NP.
  188. * PRINCE RUSPOLI'S TURACO, Tauraco ruspolii, Prins Ruspoli's Toerako
    2 at Wadera.
  189. BARE-FACED GO-AWAY-BIRD, Corythaixoides personata, Maskertoerako
    2 at Yabelo, 1 at Konso and 2 at Arba Minch.
  190. WHITE-BELLIED GO-AWAY-BIRD, Corythaixoides leucogaster, Witbuiktoerako
    A common and widespread species.
  191. EASTERN GREY PLANTAIN-EATER, Crinifer zonurus, Bandstaartbananeneter
    4 at Melka Ghebdu and a few at Awash NP.
  192. PIED (BLACK-AND-WHITE) CUCKOO, Oxylophus jacobinus, Jacobijnkoekoek
    A single one en route Negele - Arero.
  193. LEVAILLANT'S CUCKOO, Oxylophus levaillantii, Levaillants Koekoek
    A single observation at the Genale Valley.
  194. GREAT SPOTTED CUCKOO, Clamator glandarius, Kuifkoekoek
    2 at Bogol Manyo.
  195. COMMON (EURASIAN) CUCKOO, Cuculus canorus, Koekoek
    2 at the Jemmu Escarpment and 2 at Bogol Manyo.
  196. KLAAS' CUCKOO, Chrysococcyx klaas, Klaas' Koekoek
    3 at the Jemmu Valley.
  197. DIDERIC CUCKOO, Chrysococcyx caprius, Diederikkoekoek
    Heard at the Jemmu Valley and 2 seen at Awash NP.
  198. SENEGAL COUCAL, Centropus senegalensis, Senegalese Spoorkoekoek
    2 at the Jemmu Valley.
  199. WHITE-BROWED COUCAL, Centropus superciliosus, Wenkbrauwspoorkoekoek
    1 at Melka Ghebdu, 3 at Awash NP.
  200. AFRICAN SCOPS-OWL, Otus senegalensis, Afrikaanse Dwergooruil
    A few heard and 1 seen at Turmi.
  201. VERREAUX'S EAGLE-OWL, Bubo lacteus, Verreaux' Oehoe
    2 at Nechisar NP.
  202. PEARL-SPOTTED OWLET, Glaucidium perlatum, Geparelde Dwerguil
    2 at Awash NP and 1 en route Negele to Arero.
  203. * ABYSSINIAN OWL, Asio abyssinicus, Abessijnse Ransuil
    A splendid observation at Kofele.
  204. MARSH OWL, Asio capensis, Afrikaanse Velduil
    2 at Nechisar NP.
  205. DONALDSON-SMITH'S NIGHTJAR, Caprimulgus donaldsoni, Doornstruiknachtzwaluw
    1 near Filtu, 2 at Nechisar NP.
  206. PLAIN NIGHTJAR, Caprimulgus inornatus, Marmernachtzwaluw
    A single one at Nechisar NP.
  207. STAR-SPOTTED NIGHTJAR, Caprimulgus stellatus, Okervleknachtzwaluw
    2 at Awash NP and 1 at Nechisar NP.
  208. SLENDER-TAILED NIGHTJAR, Caprimulgus clarus, Reichenows Nachtzwaluw
    25+ at Nechisar NP.
  209. AFRICAN PALM-SWIFT, Cypsiurus parvus, Afrikaanse Palmgierzwaluw
    Fairly common at Awash NP and southern Ethiopia.
  210. ALPINE SWIFT, Tachymarptis melba, Alpengierzwaluw
    3 en route Turmi to Konso.
  211. NYANZA SWIFT, Apus niansae, Nyanzagierzwaluw
    Rather common at the Jemmu Valley, at the Genale Valley and in the Addis Abeba area.
  212. LITTLE SWIFT, Apus affinis, Huisgierzwaluw
    10+ near Nazeret, small numbers en route Goba to Negele and near Arba Minch.
  213. HALF-COLLARED KINGFISHER, Alcedo semitorquata, Kobaltijsvogel
    A single one at Melka Ghebdu and 2 at Wondo Genet.
  214. MALACHITE KINGFISHER, Alcedo cristata, Malachietijsvogel
    1 at the Jemmu Valley, 10+ at Lake Ziway and 4 at Lake Awasa.
  215. AFRICAN PYGMY-KINGFISHER, Ispidina picta, Afrikaanse Dwergijsvogel
    1 at Melka Ghebdu, 1 at Awash NP and 2 at Sof Omar.
  216. GREY-HEADED KINGFISHER, Halcyon leucocephala, Grijskopijsvogel
    Regularly seen with up to 3 a day.
  217. WOODLAND KINGFISHER, Halcyon senegalensis, Senegalijsvogel
    1 at Lake Ziway, 1 at Wondo Genet and 3 at Lake Awasa.
  218. STRIPED KINGFISHER, Halcyon chelicuti, Gestreepte IJsvogel
    Small numbers at Awash NP, 1 near Yabelo and 1 at Gibe Gorge.
  219. GIANT KINGFISHER, Megaceryle maxima, Afrikaanse Reuzenijsvogel
    2 at the Jemmu Valley.
  220. PIED KINGFISHER, Ceryle rudis, Bonte IJsvogel
    2 at the Jemmu Valley, several at Lake Ziway and Lake Awasa, a few at Abijatta Shala NP and Gibe Gorge.
  221. LITTLE BEE-EATER, Merops pusillus, Dwergbijeneter
    Regularly seen with up to 10 a day.
  222. BLUE-BREASTED BEE-EATER, Merops variegatus, Blauwborstbijeneter
    2 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 10 at Melka Ghebdu, 6 at Sof Omar and a few at Gibe Gorge.
  223. SOMALI BEE-EATER, Merops revoilii, Somalibijeneter
    9 in the Bogol Manyo area.
  224. WHITE-THROATED BEE-EATER, Merops albicollis, Witkeelbijeneter
    5 in the Bogol Manyo area.
  225. EUROPEAN BEE-EATER, Merops apiaster, Bijeneter
    Seen in small numbers, but sometimes 25 a day.
  226. NORTHERN CARMINE BEE-EATER, Merops nubicus, Noordelijke Karmijnrode Bijeneter
    20+ at Awash NP, 20+ in the Turmi area and a few near Arba Minch and Lake Ziway.
  227. EUROPEAN ROLLER, Coracias garrulus, Scharrelaar
    10+ at Awash NP.
  228. ABYSSINIAN ROLLER, Coracias abyssinica, Sahelscharrelaar
    3 at the Jemmu Valley, 15+ at Awash NP, a few at Nechisar NP.
  229. LILAC-BREASTED ROLLER, Coracias caudata, Vorkstaartscharrelaar
    A fairly common and widespread species.
  230. RUFOUS-CROWNED ROLLER, Coracias noevia, Roodkruinscharrelaar
    4 at Awash NP, small numbers daily in the south.
  231. BROAD-BILLED ROLLER, Eurystomus glaucurus, Breedbekscharrelaar
    3 at Nechisar NP.
  232. EURASIAN HOOPOE, Upupa epops, Hop
    Widespread with up to 6 on most days.
  233. GREEN WOODHOOPOE, Phoeniculus purpureus, Groene Kakelaar
    3 at Nechisar NP.
  234. BLACK-BILLED WOODHOOPOE, Phoeniculus somaliensis, Zwartsnavelkakelaar
    Widespread with up to 15 on 8 days.
  235. ABYSSINIAN SCIMITAR-BILL, Rhinopomastus minor, Abessijnse Boomhop
    Singles at Awash NP, Filtu, Bogol Manyo and singles near Negele and Yabelo.
  236. RED-BILLED HORNBILL, Tockus erythrorhynchus, Roodsnaveltok
    A common and widespread species.
  237. EASTERN YELLOW-BILLED HORNBILL, Tockus flavirostris, Ethiopische Geelsnaveltok
    A common and widespread species.
  238. VON DER DECKEN'S HORNBILL, Tockus deckeni, Von der Deckens Tok
    Small numbers daily in south.
  239. HEMPRICH'S HORNBILL, Tockus hemprichii, Hemprichs Tok
    2 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 4 at Melka Ghebdu, 2 at Wondo Genet and 2 at Wadera.
  240. AFRICAN GREY HORNBILL, Tockus nasutus, Grijze Tok
    Widespread with up to 20+ on the 17th.
  241. SILVERY-CHEEKED HORNBILL, Ceratogymna brevis, Zilveroorneushoornvogel
    100+ in the Shashemene area, 10+ at Wadera.
  242. ABYSSSINIAN GROUND-HORNBILL, Bucorvus abyssinicus, Noordelijke Hoornraaf
    Widespread and seen on most days with up to 11 en route Addis Abeba to Gibe Gorge.
  243. YELLOW-FRONTED TINKERBIRD, Pogoniulus chrysoconus, Geelvoorhoofdketellapper
    Single ones at Lake Langano, Wadera and Arba Minch.
  244. RED-FRONTED TINKERBIRD, Pogoniulus pusillus, Roodvoorhoofdketellapper
    1 at the Jemmu Valley, 2 at Melka Ghebdu, 1 at the Genale Valley, 1 at Turmi and 1 at Nechisar NP.
  245. RED-FRONTED BARBET, Tricholaema diademata, Diadeembaardvogel
    2 at Awash NP.
  246. BLACK-THROATED BARBET, Tricholaema melanocephala, Zwartkopbaardvogel
    2 at Awash NP, 4 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo, 1 at Bogol Manyo, 3 en route Arero to Yabelo, 3 near Turmi.
  247. * BANDED BARBET, Lybius undatus, Gebandeerde Baardvogel
    3 at Lake Langano, 1 at Wondo Genet and 1 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  248. BLACK-BILLED BARBET, Lybius guifsobalito, Rood-zwarte Baardvogel
    4 at the Jemmu Valley, 2 at Melka Ghebdu, 4 at Awash NP, 2 at the Genale Valley and 3 at Nechisar NP.
  249. DOUBLE-TOOTHED BARBET, Lybius bidentatus, Dubbeltandbaardvogel
    2 at Wondo Genet and 1 at Nechisar NP.
  250. YELLOW-BREASTED BARBET, Trachyphonus margaritatus, Geelborstbaardvogel
    4 at Awash NP.
  251. RED-AND-YELLOW BARBET, Trachyphonus erythrocephalus, Vuurkopbaardvogel
    4 at the Genale Valley.
  252. D'ARNAUD'S BARBET, Trachyphonus darnaudii, D'Arnauds Baardvogel
    1 near Arero, 2 at Fejeje and 2 at Turmi.
  253. SCALY-THROATED HONEYGUIDE, Indicator variegatus, Schubkeelhoningspeurder
    A single one at Wadera.
  254. GREATER HONEYGUIDE, Indicator indicator, Grote Honingspeurder
    Singles at Awash NP and the Genale Valley, 2 at Wadera.
  255. LESSER HONEYGUIDE, Indicator minor, Kleine Honingspeurder
    Singles at Sof Omar and the Genale Valley.
  256. GREEN-BACKED HONEYGUIDE, Prodotiscus zambesiae, Grijze Honingspeurder
    Single ones at Wondo Genet and Sof Omar.
  257. WAHLBERG'S HONEYGUIDE, Prodotiscus regulus, Bruinrughoningspeurder
    2 at Awash NP.
  258. RUFOUS-NECKED WRYNECK, Jynx ruficollis, Afrikaanse Draaihals
    A single observation at Awash NP.
  259. NUBIAN WOODPECKER, Campethera nubica, Nubische Specht
    2 at Awash NP, single ones at the Genale Valley, Wadera, Yabelo and Turmi.
  260. * ABYSSINIAN WOODPECKER, Dendropicos abyssinicus, Abessijnse Specht
    Single ones at Awash NP and Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds, 3 at Wondo Genet.
  261. CARDINAL WOODPECKER, Dendropicos fuscescens, Kardinaalspecht
    1 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds, 3 at Sof Omar, 1 at Filtu and 1 at Bogol Manyo.
  262. BEARDED WOODPECKER, Dendropicos namaquus, Baardspecht
    3 at Awash NP.
  263. GREY-HEADED WOODPECKER, Dendropicos spodocephalus, Ethiopische Grijs-groene Specht
    2 en route north of Ziway and 1 at Wondo Genet.
  264. AFRICAN PARADISE-FLYCATCHER, Terpsiphone viridis, Afrikaanse Paradijsmonarch
    Rather common, up to 10 a day.
  265. FORK-TAILED DRONGO, Dicrurus adsimilis, Fluweeldrongo
    A common and widespread species.
  266. * STRESEMANN'S BUSH-CROW, Zavattariornis stresemanni, Acaciagaai
    100+ en route Arero to Yabelo.
  267. CAPE CROW, Corvus capensis, Kaapse Roek
    Common in the highlands.
  268. PIED CROW, Corvus albus, Schildraaf
    A common and widespread species.
  269. BROWN-NECKED RAVEN, Corvus ruficollis, Bruinnekraaf
    A rather common and widespread species.
  270. FAN-TAILED RAVEN, Corvus rhipidurus, Waaierstaartraaf
    A rather common and widespread species.
  271. * THICK-BILLED RAVEN, Corvus crassirostris, Dikbekraaf
    Common in the Shashemene area and Arba Minch area in villages and towns.
  272. EURASIAN GOLDEN-ORIOLE, Oriolus oriolus, Wielewaal
    Widespread with up to 8 on the 9th.
  273. AFRICAN GOLDEN-ORIOLE, Oriolus auratus, Afrikaanse Wielewaal
    2 at Awash NP.
  274. * DARK-HEADED (BLACK-HEADED FOREST) ORIOLE, Oriolus monacha, Monnikswielewaal
    10+ at Wondo Genet.
  275. AFRICAN BLACK-HEADED ORIOLE, Oriolus larvatus, Maskerwielewaal
    Small numbers at the Genale Valley, Wadera and Nechisar NP.
  276. RED-SHOULDERED CUCKOO-SHRIKE, Campephaga phoenicea, Roodschouderrupsvogel
    A female at Wondo Genet.
  277. RED-BACKED SHRIKE, Lanius collurio, Grauwe Klauwier
    Males at Awash NP and Gibe Gorge.
  278. RUFOUS-TAILED (RED-TAILED) SHRIKE, Lanius isabellinus, Izabelklauwier
    10+ at Awash NP, a few in the Goba area, en route Negele to Arero and near Yabelo.
  279. GREY-BACKED FISCAL, Lanius excubitoroides, Grijsrugklapekster
    1 at Melka Ghebdu, 15+ en route Shashemene to Goba, rather common in the Yabelo area, near Arba Minch and in the Addis Aeba area.
  280. TAITA FISCAL, Lanius dorsalis, Taitaklauwier
    3 in the Bogol Manyo area, 1 near Yabelo, a few en route Turmi to Konso to Arba Minch.
  281. SOMALI FISCAL, Lanius somalicus, Somalische Klauwier
    5 at Awash NP.
  282. COMMON FISCAL, Lanius collaris, Gekraagde Klauwier
    Seen in small numbers almost every day of the trip.
  283. WOODCHAT SHRIKE, Lanius senator, Roodkopklauwier
    5 at the Jemmu Valley, 2 at Awash NP.
  284. MASKED SHRIKE, Lanius nubicus, Maskerklauwier
    A male at the Jemmu Valley.
  285. WHITE-RUMPED SHRIKE, Eurocephalus rueppelli, Rüppells Witkruinklauwier
    A common and widespread species.
  286. BRUBRU, Nilaus afer, Broebroe
    1 at Sof Omar, 2 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo, 1 near Arero, 1 at Turmi and 1 at Nechisar NP.
  287. NORTHERN PUFFBACK, Dryoscopus gambensis, Gambiapoederdonsklauwier
    3 at Wondo Genet, 2 at the Genale Valley, 2 at Wadera and several en route Negele to Arero, 1 at Gibe Gorge.
  288. PRINGLE'S PUFFBACK, Dryoscopus pringlii, Dwergpoederdonsklauwier
    3 en route Negele to Filtu, 1 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  289. BLACK-CROWNED TCHAGRA, Tchagra senegala, Zwartkruintsjagra
    2 at Awash NP, a few at Sof Omar.
  290. THREE-STREAKED TCHAGRA, Tchagra jamesi, Somalische Tsjagra
    1 en route Negele to Arero, 2 at Fejeje, 1 in the Turmi area and 3 at Gibe Gorge.
  291. RED-NAPED BUSHSHRIKE, Laniarius ruficeps, Roodkruinfiskaal
    A splendid observation 35 km west of Filtu.
  292. TROPICAL BOUBOU, Laniarius aethiopicus, Ethiopische Fiskaal
    Wide but thinly spread with up to 5 on 6 days.
  293. SLATE-COLORED BOUBOU, Laniarius funebris, Leikleurige Fiskaal
    Wide but thinly spread with up to 4 on 7 days.
  294. ROSY-PATCHED BUSHSHRIKE, Rhodophoneus cruentus, Roze Klauwier
    1 at Awash NP and 2 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  295. SULPHUR-BREASTED BUSHSHRIKE, Telophorus sulfureopectus, Oranje Bosklauwier
    3 at Sof Omar, 1 at Wadera and 3 at Nechisar NP.
  296. GREY-HEADED BUSHSHRIKE, Malaconotus blanchoti, Spookklauwier
    A single one at Awash NP.
  297. WHITE HELMETSHRIKE, Prionops plumatus, Helmklauwier
    5 at Sof Omar, 5 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo and 6 en route Negele to Arero.
  298. GREY-HEADED BATIS, Batis orientalis, Doornvliegenvanger
    1 at Awash NP and 2 at Sof Omar.
  299. BLACK-HEADED BATIS, Batis minor, Savannevliegenvanger
    1 at Wondo Genet, 2 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds, 1 en route Negele to Arero and 2 at Lake Langano.
  300. PYGMY BATIS, Batis perkeo, Kleine Doornvliegenvanger
    A single one at Awash NP.
  301. BROWN-THROATED WATTLE-EYE, Platysteira cyanea, Bruinkeellelvliegenvanger
    3 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  302. BANDED WATTLE-EYE, Platysteira laticincta, Bamendalelvliegenvanger
    1 at Wondo Genet.
  303. RUFOUS-TAILED (COMMON) ROCK-THRUSH, Monticola saxatilis, Rode Rotslijster
    2 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo, 1 en route Negele to Arero and 1 at Gibe Gorge.
  304. LITTLE ROCK-THRUSH, Monticola rufocinereus, Kleine Rotslijster
    4 at Melka Ghebdu and 1 at Awash NP.
  305. BLUE ROCK-THRUSH, Monticola solitarius, Blauwe Rotslijster
    A single one at the Jemmu Escarpment.
  306. ABYSSINIAN GROUND-THRUSH, Zoothera piaggiae, Ethiopische Lijster
    A single observation near Wondo Genet.
  307. GROUNDSCRAPER THRUSH, Psophocichla litsipsirupa, Acacialijster
    Common in the Ethiopians highlands.
  308. OLIVE THRUSH, Turdus olivaceus, Kaapse Lijster
    Widespread with a maximum of 20+ at Wondo Genet.
  309. AFRICAN BARE-EYED THRUSH, Turdus tephronotus, Brillijster
    2 en route Konso to Turmi.
  310. AFRICAN THRUSH, Turdus pelios, Pelioslijster
    A single one near Lake Langano.
  311. STUHLMANN'S STARLING, Poeoptera stuhlmanni, Stuhlmanns Spreeuw
    2 in the Goba area.
  312. RED-WINGED STARLING, Onychognathus morio, Roodvleugelspreeuw
    4 at Awash NP, a few in Arero, small numbers at Arba Minch and near Addis Abeba.
  313. SOMALI (CHESTNUT-WINGED) STARLING, Onychognathus blythii, Somalische Spreeuw
    A group of 15 en route Debre Birhan to Ankober!
  314. SLENDER-BILLED STARLING, Onychognathus tenuirostris, Kaneelvleugelspreeuw
    2 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 3 at Wondo Genet and 200+ at Bale Mountains NP.
  315. * WHITE-BILLED STARLING, Onychognathus albirostris, Witsnavelspreeuw
    10+ at the Jemmu Escarpment.
  316. BRISTLE-CROWNED STARLING, Onychognathus salvadorii, Borstelkruinspreeuw
    4 at Awash NP (Fantale Crater) and 20+ at Sof Omar.
  317. GREATER BLUE-EARED GLOSSY-STARLING, Lamprotornis chalybaeus, Groenstaartglansspreeuw
    Difficult to distinguish from the next species, but seen on a number of occasions.
  318. LESSER BLUE-EARED GLOSSY-STARLING, Lamprotornis chloropterus, Blauwoorglansspreeuw
    A common and widespread species.
  319. RUEPPELL'S GLOSSY-STARLING, Lamprotornis purpuropterus, Blauwe Langstaartglansspreeuw
    A fairly common and widespread species.
  320. SUPERB STARLING, Lamprotornis superbus, Driekleurige Glansspreeuw
    A common and widespread species.
  321. SHELLEY'S STARLING, Lamprotornis shelleyi, Shelleys Glansspreeuw
    A few at Awash NP, 1 at Bogol Manyo, a few in the Arero/Yabelo area.
  322. MAGPIE STARLING, Speculipastor bicolor, Spiegelspreeuw
    25+ at Fejeje.
  323. WHITE-CROWNED STARLING, Spreo albicapillus, Witkruinglansspreeuw
    Rather common at the Negele Plains, in the Bogol Manyo area and in the Arero area.
  324. GOLDEN-BREASTED STARLING, Cosmopsarus regius, Koningsglansspreeuw
    10+ at the Genale Valley, a few near Negele, 25+ en route Negele to Arero, a few en route Arero to Yabelo.
  325. WATTLED STARLING, Creatophora cinerea, Lelspreeuw
    Fairly common, up to 30 a day.
  326. RED-BILLED OXPECKER, Buphagus erythrorhynchus, Roodsnavelossepikker
    Wide but thinly spread, with a maximum of 20+ at Awash NP.
  327. PALE FLYCATCHER, Bradornis pallidus, Vale Vliegenvanger
    2 at Awash NP, 3 en route Filtu to Bogol Manyo, 5 at Bogol Manyo and several at Nechisar NP.
  328. SMALL GREY FLYCATCHER, Bradornis pumilus, Kleine Grijze Vliegenvanger
    A single one at Sof Omar.
  329. LARGE GREY FLYCATCHER, Bradornis microrhynchus, Streepkopvliegenvanger
    6 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  330. * ABYSSINIAN SLATY-FLYCATCHER, Dioptrornis chocolatinus, Bruine Drongovliegenvanger
    7 at Wondo Genet.
  331. NORTHERN BLACK-FLYCATCHER, Melaenornis edolioides, Senegalese Drongovliegenvanger
    A few along Lake Langano, 2 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds, small numbers at Sof Omar and in the Genale Valley.
  332. SPOTTED FLYCATCHER, Muscicapa striata, Grauwe Vliegenvanger
    Seen regularly, up to 5 at Awash NP.
  333. GAMBAGA FLYCATCHER, Muscicapa gambagae, Gambagavliegenvanger
    2 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  334. AFRICAN DUSKY FLYCATCHER, Muscicapa adusta, Kaapse Vliegenvanger
    2 at the Jemmu Valley, 4 at Wondo Genet and 1 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds, 2 at Nechisar NP and 1 at Gibe Gorge.
  335. COMMON NIGHTINGALE, Luscinia megarhynchos, Nachtegaal
    A few heard and seen at Awash NP, heard at Sof Omar, the Genale Valley and Gibe Gorge.
  336. WHITE-THROATED ROBIN (IRANIA), Irania gutturalis, Perzische Roodborst
    A single one at the Jemmu Valley.
  337. RUEPPELL'S ROBIN-CHAT, Cossypha semirufa, Rüppells Lawaaimaker
    4 at Wondo Genet, 1 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds and 2 at Nechisar NP.
  338. RED-CAPPED ROBIN-CHAT, Cossypha natalensis, Roodkaplawaaimaker
    A single one at Nechisar NP.
  339. WHITE-CROWNED ROBIN-CHAT, Cossypha albicapilla, Schubkaplawaaimaker
    2 at Gibe Gorge.
  340. SPOTTED (GROUND-) MORNING-THRUSH, Cichladusa guttata, Gevlekte Palmlijster
    1 at the River Genale near Bogol Manyo.
  341. RED-BACKED (WHITE-BROWED) SCRUB-ROBIN, Cercotrichas leucophrys, Witbrauwwaaierstaart
    Up to 5 a day in the south.
  342. RUFOUS-TAILED (RUFOUS) SCRUB-ROBIN, Cercotrichas galactotes, Rosse Waaierstaart
    3 at Awash NP.
  343. BLACK SCRUB-ROBIN, Cercotrichas podobe, Zwarte Waaierstaart
    A single one at Awash NP.
  344. COMMON (EURASIAN) REDSTART, Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Gekraagde Roodstaart
    1 at the Jemmu Valley, 3 at Awash NP, 1 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds, 2 along Lake Langano and 1 at Gibe Gorge.
  345. WHINCHAT, Saxicola rubetra, Paapje
    3 at Awash NP and 1 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  346. COMMON STONECHAT, Saxicola torquata, Roodborsttapuit
    Regularly encountered throughout the country.
  347. NORTHERN WHEATEAR, Oenanthe oenanthe, Tapuit
    A few at the Sululta Plains.
  348. SCHALOW'S WHEATEAR, Oenanthe lugubris, Rüppells Tapuit
    Common at the Sululta Plains and a few at Awash NP.
  349. PIED WHEATEAR, Oenanthe pleschanka, Bonte Tapuit
    Widespread and common with up to 25 a day.
  350. ISABELLINE WHEATEAR, Oenanthe isabellina, Izabeltapuit
    A common and widespread species.
  351. BOTTA'S (RED-BREASTED) WHEATEAR, Oenanthe bottae, Bruinborsttapuit
    Rather common in the highlands.
  352. FAMILIAR CHAT, Cercomela familiaris, Roodstaartspekvreter
    1 at Turmi, 1 at Nechisar NP and 1 at Gibe Gorge.
  353. BROWN-TAILED CHAT, Cercomela scotocerca, Bruinstaart
    3 at Sof Omar.
  354. SOMBRE CHAT, Cercomela dubia, Roetspekvreter
    2 at Awash NP (Fantale Crater).
  355. BLACKSTART, Cercomela melanura, Zwartstaart
    2 by the lavaflow near Awash NP.
  356. MOORLAND (ALPINE) CHAT, Cercomela sordida, Tanzaniaanse Spekvreter
    5 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 10+ at the Ankober Escarpment, a few at Bale Mountains NP.
  357. * RUEPPELL'S (BLACK) CHAT, Myrmecocichla melaena, Rüppells Miertapuit
    5 at the Jemmu Escarpment and 2 at the Ankober Escarpment.
  358. MOCKING CLIFF-CHAT, Thamnolaea cinnamomeiventris, Roodbuikkliftapuit
    7 at the Jemmu Escarpment and 5 at the escarpment along Lake Langano.
  359. * WHITE-WINGED CLIFF-CHAT, Thamnolaea semirufa, Witvleugelkliftapuit
    4 at the Jemmu Escarpment and 2 above Melka Ghebdu.
  360. SPOTTED CREEPER, Salpornis spilonotus, Gevlekte Boomkruiper
    2 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  361. BANK SWALLOW (COMMON SAND MARTIN), Riparia riparia, Oeverzwaluw
    A common and widespread species.
  362. PLAIN MARTIN, Riparia paludicola, Vale Oeverzwaluw
    Small numbers at the Jemmu Valley, Lake Ziway and Lake Awasa.
  363. BANDED MARTIN, Riparia cincta, Witbrauwzwaluw
    A single one at the Jemmu Valley.
  364. GREY-RUMPED SWALLOW, Hirundo griseopyga, Grijsstuitzwaluw
    60+ at the Jemmu Valley and a few at Awash NP.
  365. ROCK MARTIN, Hirundo fuligula, Kaapse Rotszwaluw
    A fairly common and widespread species.
  366. BARN SWALLOW, Hirundo rustica, Boerenzwaluw
    Abundant throughout the country.
  367. RED-CHESTED SWALLOW, Hirundo lucida, Roodkeelzwaluw
    A single one at the Jemmu Valley.
  368. WIRE-TAILED SWALLOW, Hirundo smithii, Roodkruinzwaluw
    5 at the Jemmu Valley, 2 at Melka Ghebdu and 4 at Lake Ziway.
  369. * WHITE-TAILED SWALLOW, Hirundo megaensis, Witstaartzwaluw
    1 near Arero and 3 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  370. LESSER STRIPED-SWALLOW, Hirundo abyssinica, Savannezwaluw
    Small numbers at the Jemmu Valley, Wondo Genet, in the Goba area, Nechisar NP and at Gibe Gorge.
  371. MOSQUE SWALLOW, Hirundo senegalensis, Moskeezwaluw
    A single one near Gibe Gorge.
  372. RED-RUMPED SWALLOW, Hirundo daurica, Roodstuitzwaluw
    Small numbers at the Jemmu Valley, Awash NP, Sof Omar and the Genale Valley.
  373. "ETHIOPIAN" CLIFF SWALLOW, Hirundo sp,
    We are fairly sure that we saw at least 4 at Gibe Gorge in a flock of Lesser Striped-Swallows.
  374. HOUSE MARTIN, Delichon urbica, Huiszwaluw
    50+ at the Jemmu Valley.
  375. * ETHIOPIAN SAWWING, Psalidoprocne oleaginea, Kaffakamzwaluw
    A single one in the Bogol Manyo area.
  376. * BROWN SAWWING, Psalidoprocne antinorii, Salvadori's Kamzwaluw
    25+ at Wondo Genet.
  377. BLACK SAWWING, Psalidoprocne holomelas, Zwarte Kamzwaluw
    Small numbers at the Jemmu Escarpment.
  378. COMMON BULBUL, Pycnonotus barbatus, Grauwe Buulbuul
    A very common and widespread species.
  379. NORTHERN BROWNBUL, Phyllastrephus strepitans, Bruine Loofbuulbuul
    10+ at Sof Omar.
  380. BROAD-RINGED (MONTANE) WHITE-EYE, Zosterops poliogaster, Hooglandbrilvogel
    Rather common, up to 25 a day.
  381. WHITE-BREASTED (ABYSSINIAN) WHITE-EYE, Zosterops abyssinicus, Somalische Brilvogel
    2 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo, several en route Arero to Yabelo.
  382. SINGING CISTICOLA, Cisticola cantans, Witbrauwgraszanger
    1 at the Jemmu Valley, a few at Melka Ghebdu.
  383. BORAN CISTICOLA, Cisticola bodessa, Borangraszanger
    3 at Awash NP (Fantale Crater), 1 at Bogol Manyo.
  384. RATTLING CISTICOLA, Cisticola chinianus, Ratelgraszanger
    A few at Nechisar NP.
  385. ASHY CISTICOLA, Cisticola cinereolus, Grijze Graszanger
    A single observation near Shashemene.
  386. WINDING CISTICOLA, Cisticola galactotes, Zwartruggraszanger
    Single ones at the Jemmu Valley and Melka Ghebdu.
  387. STOUT CISTICOLA, Cisticola robustus, Grote Graszanger
    2 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  388. TINY CISTICOLA, Cisticola nanus, Kleine Graszanger
    6 at the Negele Plains and 2 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  389. ZITTING CISTICOLA, Cisticola juncidis, Graszanger
    A few at the Gefersa Reservoir and 1 at Awash NP.
  390. DESERT CISTICOLA, Cisticola aridulus, Kalaharigraszanger
    A few at the Negele Plains.
  391. TAWNY-FLANKED PRINIA, Prinia subflava, Roestflankprinia
    Small numbers at the Jemmu Valley, Melka Ghebdu, Awash NP, Wondo Genet and Sof Omar.
  392. PALE PRINIA, Prinia somalica, Bleke Prinia
    4 near Filtu, 2 at Bogol Manyo, a few en route Arero to Yabelo and in the Turmi area.
  393. YELLOW-BREASTED APALIS, Apalis flavida, Geelborstapalis
    Small numbers in the Bogol Manyo area.
  394. BROWN-TAILED APALIS, Apalis viridiceps, Bruinstaartapalis
    3 at Sof Omar, 1 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo and 3 at Bogol Manyo.
  395. RED-FACED APALIS (RED-FRONTED WARBLER), Apalis rufifrons, Roodmaskerapalis
    8 at Bogol Manyo.
  396. GREY-BACKED CAMAROPTERA, Camaroptera brevicaudata, Blaatcamaroptera
    A common and widespread species.
  397. GREY WREN-WARBLER, Calamonastes simplex, Somalische Savannezanger
    2 at Awash NP, 2 at Sof Omar, 2 near Filtu and 2 at Bogol Manyo, 1 en route Arero to Yabelo, 2 at Fejeje, 2 at Konso and a few at Nechisar NP.
  398. OLIVACEOUS WARBLER, Hippolais pallida, Vale Spotvogel
    Seen in small numbers throughout the country.
  399. UPCHER'S WARBLER, Hippolais languida, Grote Vale Spotvogel
    Singles at Awash NP and Sof Omar.
  400. BUFF-BELLIED WARBLER, Phyllolais pulchella, Acacia-apalis
    Singles along Lake Langano and Wondo Genet, 10+ at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  401. YELLOW-BELLIED EREMOMELA, Eremomela icteropygialis, Geelbuikeremomela
    2 at Bogol Manyo and 1 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  402. YELLOW-VENTED EREMOMELA, Eremomela flavicrissalis, Somalische Eremomela
    1 near Filtu and 2 at Bogol Manyo.
  403. NORTHERN CROMBEC (NORTHERN SYLVIETTA), Sylvietta brachyura, Senegalese Krombek
    Widespread in small numbers with a maximum of 6 at Awash NP.
  404. (SOMALI) SHORT-BILLED CROMBEC (SYLVIETTA), Sylvietta philippae, Somalische Krombek
    4 west of Filtu (35 kms) en route to Bogol Manyo.
  405. RED-FACED CROMBEC (RED-FACED SYLVIETTA), Sylvietta whytii, Roodteugelkrombek
    1 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds, 1 near Yabelo, 2 at Turmi, 1 at Nechisar NP and 3 along Lake Langano.
  406. SOMALI (LONG-BILLED) CROMBEC (SYLVIETTA), Sylvietta isabellina, Izabelkrombek
    4 at the River Genale near Bogol Manyo.
  407. BROWN WOODLAND-WARBLER, Phylloscopus umbrovirens, Rüppels Boszanger
    2 at Wadera.
  408. WILLOW WARBLER, Phylloscopus trochilus, Fitis
    Widespread in small numbers with a maximum of 10+ at Awash NP.
  409. BROWN WARBLER (BROWN PARISOMA), Sylvia lugens, Bruine Meeszanger
    A single bird at Awash NP.
  410. BANDED WARBLER (BANDED PARISOMA), Sylvia boehmi, Gebandeerde Meeszanger
    8 at Filtu, 1 at Bogol Manyo and 2 at Fejeje.
  411. BLACKCAP, Sylvia atricapilla, Zwartkop
    5 at the Jemmu Escarpment/Valley, 2 at Melka Ghebdu, 1 at Awash NP, 2 at Wondo Genet and a few at Gibe Gorge.
  412. GREATER (COMMON) WHITETHROAT, Sylvia communis, Grasmus
    4 at the Jemmu Valley, 1 at Melka Ghebdu and 1 at Nechisar NP.
  413. LESSER WHITETHROAT, Sylvia curruca, Braamsluiper
    1 at Awash NP and 2 at Gibe Gorge.
  414. BARRED WARBLER, Sylvia nisoria, Sperwergrasmus
    A single observation at Awash NP.
  415. ABYSSINIAN HILL-BABBLER, Illadopsis abyssinica, Ethiopische Monnikstimalia
    3 at Wondo Genet.
  416. SCALY CHATTERER, Turdoides aylmeri, Schubborstbabbelaar
    3 at the River Genale near Bogol Manyo.
  417. RUFOUS CHATTERER, Turdoides rubiginosus, Rosse Babbelaar
    1 at Awash NP, 3 at the Genale Valley.
  418. WHITE-RUMPED BABBLER, Turdoides leucopygius, Witstuitbabbelaar
    3 at the Jemmu Valley, 3 at Wondo Genet, 8 at Sof Omar, 10+ at the Genale Valley, a few at Gibe Gorge.
  419. * ABYSSINIAN CATBIRD, Parophasma galinieri, Katvogeltimalia
    2 at the Harrena Forest.
  420. WHITE-WINGED BLACK-TIT, Parus leucomelas, Rüppells Mees
    2 at the escarpment along Lake Langano.
  421. * WHITE-BACKED BLACK-TIT, Parus leuconotus, Witrugmees
    2 at the Harrena Forest.
  422. SOMALI (NORTHERN GREY) TIT, Parus thruppi, Somalimees
    7 at Sof Omar, 4 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo, 2 en route Arero to Yabelo, 4 at Fejeje.
  423. MOUSE-COLORED PENDULINE-TIT, Anthoscopus musculus, Grijze Kapokmees
    1 at Melka Ghebdu, 3 at Awash NP, 1 at Bogol Manyo and 1 at Lake Langano.
  424. SINGING BUSHLARK, Mirafra cantillans, Struikleeuwerik
    Small numbers at Awash NP.
  425. WHITE-TAILED LARK, Mirafra albicauda, Witstaartleeuwerik
    A single one at Nechisar NP.
  426. RED-WINGED LARK, Mirafra hypermetra, Grote Struikleeuwerik
    5 at Awash NP.
  427. FLAPPET LARK, Mirafra rufocinnamomea, Ratelleeuwerik
    1 at Nechisar NP.
  428. FAWN-COLORED LARK, Mirafra africanoides, Savanneleeuwerik
    2 at Fejeje.
  429. GILLETT'S LARK, Mirafra gilletti, Gilletts Leeuwerik
    A splendid observation of a bird 35 km west of Filtu en route to Bogol Manyo.
  430. PINK-BREASTED LARK, Mirafra poecilosterna, Pieperleeuwerik
    5 at Fejeje.
  431. * DEGODI LARK, Mirafra degodiensis, Erards Leeuwerik
    2 at Bogol Manyo.
  432. * SIDAMO LARK, Mirafra sidamoensis, Sidamoleeuwerik
    2 at the Negele Plains.
  433. CHESTNUT-BACKED SPARROW-LARK, Eremopterix leucotis, Bruinrugvinkleeuwerik
    5 en route Lake Langano to Addis Abeba (25 km north of Ziway).
  434. CHESTNUT-HEADED SPARROW-LARK, Eremopterix signata, Somalische Vinkleeuwerik
    10+ at Awash NP.
  435. GREATER SHORT-TOED LARK, Calandrella brachydactyla, Kortteenleeuwerik
    A few at the Sululta Plains.
  436. * ERLANGER'S LARK, Calandrella erlangeri, Erlangers Leeuwerik
    Fairly common at the Jemmu Valley and the Sululta Plains.
  437. RUFOUS (SOMALI) SHORT-TOED LARK, Calandrella somalica, Somalische Kortteenleeuwerik
    25+ at the Negele Plains.
  438. THEKLA LARK, Galerida theklae, Theklaleeuwerik
    Fairly common in the highlands.
  439. RUFOUS SPARROW, Passer motitensis, Roestmus
    A few at the Negele Plains.
  440. SWAINSON'S SPARROW, Passer swainsonii, Swainsons Mus
    A very common and widespread species.
  441. PARROT-BILLED SPARROW, Passer gongonensis, Dikbekmus
    2 at Bogol Manyo.
  442. CHESTNUT SPARROW, Passer eminibey, Kastanjemus
    25+ en route Lake Ziway - Addis Abeba (50 km north of Ziway).
  443. YELLOW-SPOTTED PETRONIA, Petronia pyrgita, Sahelrotsmus
    10+ at Sof Omar, small numbers en route Negele to Bogol Manyo, at the River Genale, near Turmi and at Gibe Gorge.
  444. BUSH PETRONIA, Petronia dentata, Kleine Rotsmus
    A few at the Jemmu Valley and Gibe Gorge.
  445. GREEN-WINGED PYTILIA, Pytilia melba, Melba-astrild
    4 at Bogol Manyo.
  446. RED-BILLED FIREFINCH, Lagonosticta senegala, Vuurvinkje
    Seen in small numbers most days of the trip.
  447. AFRICAN FIREFINCH, Lagonosticta rubricata, Donkerrode Amarant
    Several at Wondo Genet, 10+ at the River Genale near Bogol Manyo and a few en route Negele to Arero.
  448. BLACK-FACED FIREFINCH, Lagonosticta vinacea, Wijnrode Amarant
    A single observation along Lake Langano.
  449. RED-CHEEKED CORDONBLUE, Uraeginthus bengalus, Blauwfazantje
    A common and widespread species.
  450. PURPLE GRENADIER, Uraeginthus ianthinogaster, Blauwbuikgranaatastrild
    1 at Melka Ghebdu, 2 at Sof Omar, 2 at the Genale Valley, a few in the Bogol Manyo area and near Arero and Yabelo.
  451. YELLOW-BELLIED WAXBILL, Estrilda quartinia, Geelbuikastrild
    20+ at Wondo Genet.
  452. CRIMSON-RUMPED WAXBILL, Estrilda rhodopyga, Teugelastrild
    2 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 1 at Debre Birhan and 2 at Awash NP.
  453. COMMON WAXBILL, Estrilda astrild, Sint-Helenafazantje
    A few at Wondo Genet and 7 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  454. BLACK-CHEEKED WAXBILL, Estrilda erythronotos, Elfenastrild
    4 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  455. AFRICAN SILVERBILL, Lonchura cantans, Zilverbekje
    15+ at the River Genale near Bogol Manyo.
  456. BRONZE MANNIKIN, Lonchura cucullata, Gewoon Ekstertje
    4 at Wondo Genet and 2 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  457. BLACK-AND-WHITE (BICOLOURED) MANNIKIN, Lonchura bicolor, Glansekstertje
    A few at Wondo Genet.
  458. CUT-THROAT, Amadina fasciata, Bandvink
    1 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 2 at Awash NP, 4 en route Filtu to Bogol Manyo, 2 at Lake Langano.
  459. VILLAGE INDIGOBIRD, Vidua chalybeata, Staalvink
    4 at the Jemmu Valley, 1 at Melka Ghebdu, 1 at Awash NP, 5 near Lake Langano and 4 at Gibe Gorge.
  460. STEEL-BLUE WHYDAH, Vidua hypocherina, Langstaartstaalvink
    1 near Goba and 2 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  461. STRAW-TAILED WHYDAH, Vidua fischeri, Fischers Wida
    2 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo and 1 en route Arero to Yabelo.
  462. PIN-TAILED WHYDAH, Vidua macroura, Dominicanerwida
    3 at the Sululta Plains, singles at Ankober, en route Kofele to Goba, at Arero and Arba Minch and at Abijatta Shala NP.
  463. EASTERN (ACACIA) PARADISE-WHYDAH, Vidua paradisaea, Smalstaartparadijswida
    A single one at Awash NP.
  464. AFRICAN PIED WAGTAIL, Motacilla aguimp, Afrikaanse Bonte Kwikstaart
    4 at the Jemmu Valley.
  465. YELLOW WAGTAIL, Motacilla flava, Gele Kwikstaart
    A very common and widespread species.
  466. GREY WAGTAIL, Motacilla cinerea, Grote Gele Kwikstaart
    2 at Wondo Genet, a few at Sof Omar and 1 at the Genale Valley.
  467. MOUNTAIN WAGTAIL, Motacilla clara, Bergkwikstaart
    1 at Melka Ghebdu and 3 at Wondo Genet.
  468. GOLDEN PIPIT, Tmetothylacus tenellus, Gouden Pieper
    A female en route Arero to Yabelo.
  469. * ABYSSINIAN LONGCLAW, Macronyx flavicollis, Geelhalslangklauw
    2 at the Gefersa Reservoir, 1 at the Ankober Escarpment and 1 at the Genale Valley.
  470. AFRICAN PIPIT, Anthus cinnamomeus, Kaneelpieper
    A few at the Sululta Plains and 1 at Abijatta Shala NP.
  471. PLAIN-BACKED PIPIT, Anthus leucophrys, Bruinrugpieper
    1 at Awash NP and 10+ at the Negele Plains.
  472. LONG-BILLED PIPIT, Anthus similis, Langsnavelpieper
    A single one at the Ankober Escarpment.
  473. TREE PIPIT, Anthus trivialis, Boompieper
    Heard at the Jemmu Valley, a few at Awash NP and at Bogol Manyo.
  474. RED-THROATED PIPIT, Anthus cervinus, Roodkeelpieper
    Rather common at Awash NP (Fantale Crater) and a few en route Negele to Arero.
  475. RED-BILLED BUFFALO-WEAVER, Bubalornis niger, Roodsnavelbufferwever
    A fairly common and widespread species.
  476. WHITE-HEADED BUFFALO-WEAVER, Dinemellia dinemelli, Witkopbuffelwever
    A common and widespread species.
  477. SPECKLED-FRONTED WEAVER, Sporopipes frontalis, Schubkopwever
    6 at the Jemmu Valley.
  478. WHITE-BROWED SPARROW-WEAVER, Plocepasser mahali, Mahaliwever
    Widespread and common throughout the country.
  479. CHESTNUT-CROWNED SPARROW-WEAVER, Plocepasser superciliosus, Roestwangwever
    A single observation at the Jemmu Escarpment.
  480. GREY-HEADED SOCIAL-WEAVER, Pseudonigrita arnaudi, Marmerwever
    30+ en route Arero to Yabelo.
  481. BLACK-CAPPED SOCIAL-WEAVER, Pseudonigrita cabanisi, Zwartkapwever
    50+ in the Arero area.
  482. BAGLAFECHT WEAVER, Ploceus baglafecht, Baglafechtwever
    Widespread and common except in the south.
  483. LITTLE WEAVER, Ploceus luteolus, Dwergmaskerwever
    A single one at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  484. LESSER MASKED WEAVER, Ploceus intermedius, Kleine Textorwever
    Small numbers at Awash NP.
  485. SPECTACLED WEAVER, Ploceus ocularis, Brilwever
    1 at Wondo Genet and a few at Fejeje.
  486. RUEPPELL'S WEAVER, Ploceus galbula, Rüppells Wever
    2 at Lake Cheleckleka.
  487. NORTHERN MASKED-WEAVER, Ploceus taeniopterus, Geelrugwever
    A few at Konso.
  488. VITELLINE MASKED-WEAVER, Ploceus vitellinus, Dottergele Wever
    A few at Sof Omar and near Yabelo.
  489. VILLAGE WEAVER, Ploceus cucullatus, Grote Textorwever
    A rather common and widespread species.
  490. SALVADORI'S (JUBA) WEAVER, Ploceus dichrocephalus, Salvadori's Wever
    5 at the River Genale near Bogol Manyo.
  491. CHESTNUT WEAVER, Ploceus rubiginosus, Kastanjewever
    A few at Bogol Manyo and en route Ziway to Addis Abeba.
  492. RED-HEADED WEAVER, Anaplectes rubriceps, Roodkopwevervogel
    1 at Wondo Genet, 2 at Sof Omar, 1 at the Genale Valley and 2 en route Negele to Arero.
  493. RED-BILLED QUELEA, Quelea quelea, Roodbekwever
    A common and widespread species.
  494. YELLOW-CROWNED BISHOP, Euplectes afer, Napoleonwever
    A few at the Gefersa Reservoir and 10+ at the Sululta Plains.
  495. BLACK-WINGED (RED) BISHOP, Euplectes hordeaceus, Roodvoorhoofdwever
    Small numbers in the highlands in the Addis Abeba area.
  496. ORANGE (NORTHERN RED) BISHOP, Euplectes franciscanus, Oranjewever
    A few at Awash NP, 1 near Arba Minch.
  497. YELLOW BISHOP, Euplectes capensis, Fluweelwidavink
    Fairly common at the Sululta Plains, small numbers en route Shashemene to Goba to Sof Omar.
  498. FAN-TAILED WIDOWBIRD, Euplectes axillaris, Roodschouderwidavink
    Small numbers at the Sululta Plains.
  499. WHITE-WINGED WIDOWBIRD, Euplectes albonotatus, Spiegelwidavink
    1 at the Jemmu Valley, fairly common at Gibe Gorge.
  500. RED-COLLARED WIDOWBIRD, Euplectes ardens, Roodkeelwidavink
    3 at the Sululta Plains, 1 at Gibe Gorge.
  501. GROSBEAK WEAVER, Amblyospiza albifrons, Dikbekwever
    A single one at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  502. KENYA VIOLET-BACKED SUNBIRD, Anthreptes orientalis, Zwaluwhoningzuiger
    Up to 10+ a day in the south.
  503. COLLARED SUNBIRD, Anthreptes collaris, Halsbandhoningzuiger
    Singles at the Jemmu Valley, Awash NP, Sof Omar and Arba Minch, 3 at Gibe Gorge.
  504. OLIVE SUNBIRD, Nectarinia olivacea, Olijfgroene Honingzuiger
    A single one at Sof Omar.
  505. SCARLET-CHESTED SUNBIRD, Nectarinia senegalensis, Roodborsthoningzuiger
    Small numbers daily in the highlands.
  506. HUNTER'S SUNBIRD, Nectarinia hunteri, Hunters Honingzuiger
    4 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo and 1 at Bogol Manyo.
  507. VARIABLE SUNBIRD, Nectarinia venusta, Ornaathoningzuiger
    Fairly common at Wondo Genet, Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds and S of Omar, a few at the Genale Valley and at Turmi.
  508. SHINING SUNBIRD, Nectarinia habessinica, Glanshoningzuiger
    3 at Awash NP, 5 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds, 10+ at Sof Omar.
  509. TACAZZE SUNBIRD, Nectarinia tacazze, Tacazzehoningzuiger
    2 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 3 at Wondo Genet and several at the Genale Valley.
  510. MARIQUA SUNBIRD, Nectarinia mariquensis, Maricohoningzuiger
    1 at the Jemmu Valley, 1 at Melka Ghebdu and 1 at Awash NP.
  511. (LITTLE) PURPLE-BANDED SUNBIRD, Nectarinia bifasciata, Purperbandhoningzuiger
    Small numbers en route Negele to Arero and en route Arero to Yabelo.
  512. BEAUTIFUL SUNBIRD, Nectarinia pulchella, Feeënhoningzuiger
    1 at Melka Ghebdu and a few at Awash NP.
  513. CAPE (YELLOW-CROWNED) CANARY, Serinus canicollis, Geelkruinkanarie
    A few at the Ankober Escarpment.
  514. * ABYSSINIAN (BLACK-HEADED) SISKIN, Serinus nigriceps, Zwartkopkanarie
    Common at the Sululta Plains, Jemmu Valley, Ankober, Bale Mountains NP and a few elsewhere in the highlands.
  515. AFRICAN CITRIL, Serinus citrinelloides, Dunbekkanarie
    Widespread with up to 20+ at Wondo Genet.
  516. KENYA YELLOW-RUMPED SEEDEATER, Serinus reichenowi, Keniaanse Zwartkeelkanarie
    Widespread with up to 20+ en route Negele to Bogol Manyo.
  517. * WHITE-THROATED SEEDEATER, Serinus xanthopygus, Witkeelkanarie
    4 at the Jemmu Valley and 5 at Gibe Gorge. This has yet to be recognized as a separate species and is NOT on the Clements Checklist.
  518. YELLOW-FRONTED CANARY, Serinus mozambicus, Mozambiquesijs
    3 at the Jemmu Valley, 1 at Shashemene, a few at the Genale Valley, 1 at Arba Minch and 1 at Lake Langano.
  519. ABYSSINIAN GROSBEAK-CANARY (GROSBEAK-SERIN), Serinus donaldsoni, Dikbekkanarie
    A single one 35 km west of Filtu en route Negele to Bogol Manyo.
  520. REICHARD'S (STRIPE-BREASTED) SEEDEATER, Serinus reichardi, Miombokanarie
    1 at Konso, 3 near Arba Minch and a few at Gibe Gorge.
  521. BROWN-RUMPED SEEDEATER, Serinus tristriatus, Rüppells Kanarie
    Common at Addis Abeba, Sululta Plains, Ankober, Melka Ghebdu, Wondo Genet, Goba and near Arba Minch.
  522. * ANKOBER SERIN, Serinus ankoberensis, Ankoberkanarie
    8 at the Ankober Escarpment.
  523. * YELLOW-THROATED SERIN, Serinus flavigula, Geelkeelkanarie
    4 at Melka Ghebdu and a few at Awash NP. This species is NOT on the Clements Checklist.
  524. * SALVADORI'S SERIN, Serinus xantholaema, Salvadori's Kanarie
    3 birds approximately 56 km east of Filtu. We dipped at Sof Omar. This species is NOT on the Clements Checklist.
  525. STREAKY SEEDEATER, Serinus striolatus, Gestreepte Kanarie
    Common in the highlands.
  526. ORTOLAN BUNTING, Emberiza hortulana, Ortolaan
    6 at the Jemmu Escarpment, 1 at Gibe Gorge.
  527. HOUSE BUNTING, Emberiza striolata, Huisgors
    A single one at the Fantale Crater in Awash NP.
  528. CINNAMON-BREASTED (ROCK) BUNTING, Emberiza tahapisi, Zevenstrepengors
    10+ at the Jemmu Escarpment, 6 at Awash NP.
  529. SOMALI (GOLDEN-BREASTED) BUNTING, Emberiza poliopleura, Somalische Gors
    20+ en route Negele to Bogol Manyo, 2 at Bogol Manyo and 2 en route Negele to Arero.

Systematic List of Mammals

This list follows the sequence and scientific nomenclature of The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals by Jonathan Kingdon. Data are estimates of the minimum numbers seen.

The Dutch names follow Elseviers Gids van de Afrikaanse Zoogdieren by Haltenorth/Diller/Smeenk.

  1. GUEREZA COLOBUS, Colobus guereza (abyssinicus), Noordelijke Franjeaap
    Seen in small numbers at Wondo Genet, near Goba, in the Genale Valley and at Nechisar NP.
  2. SACRED BABOON, Papio hamadryas, Mantelbaviaan
    2 at Awash NP.
  3. OLIVE BABOON, Papio anubis, Baviaan
    A common and widespread species.
  4. VERVET MONKEY, Cercopithecus pygerythrus, Groene Meerkat
    Seen in small numbers at Melka Ghebdu, Awash NP, Sof Omar, en route Goba to Genale Valley and en route Negele to Bogol Manyo.
  5. LESSER ELEPHANT SHREW, Rhynchocyon tetradactylus, Olifantspitsmuis
    A single one in the Arero area.
  6. CAPE HARE, Lepus capensis, Haas
    6 en route Debre Birhan to Addis Abeba.
  7. ABYSSINIAN HARE, Lepus capensis habessinicus, Ethiopische Haas
    Small numbers at Bale Mountains NP and at Fejeje.
  8. UNSTRIPED GROUND SQUIRREL, Xerus rutilus, Ongestreepte Grondeekhoorn
    A single one at the Genale Valley.
  9. STRIPED GROUND QUIRREL, Euxerus erythropus, Gestreepte Grondeekhoorn
    A single one at Melka Ghebdu.
  10. GAMBIAN SUN SQUIRREL, Heliosciurus gambianus, Kleine Zonne-eekhoorn
    2 at Wondo Genet and 1 at Lake Awasa fishmarket grounds.
  11. COMMON JACKAL, Canis aureus, Goudjakhals
    3 at Awash NP and 1 en route Goba to Sof Omar.
  12. BLACK-BACKED JACKAL, Canis adustus, Zadeljakhals
    4 at Awash NP, 2 at Fejeje and 3 at Nechisar NP.
  13. ETHIOPIAN WOLF, Canis simensis, Ethiopische Wolf
    2 at the Sanetti Plateau.
  14. ICHNEUMON (EGYPTIAN) MONGOOSE, Herpestes ichneumon, Egyptische Mangoeste
    A single observation en route Negele to Arero.
  15. SLENDER MONGOOSE, Herpestes sanguinea, Slanke Mangoeste
    Singles at Awash NP and at the Genale Valley.
  16. WHITE-TAILED MONGOOSE, Ichneumia albicauda, Witstaartmangoeste
    A single one at Awash NP.
  17. SPOTTED HYENA, Crocuta crocuta, Gevlekte Hyena
    3 at Awash NP and 1 en route Goba to Sof Omar.
  18. ROCK HYRAX, Procavia capensis, Klipdas
    4 at the Jemmu Escarpment and singles at Awash NP, Sof Omar and Gibe Gorge.
  19. COMMON ZEBRA, Equus quagga, Zebra
    100+ at Nechisar NP.
  20. HIPPOPOTAMUS, Hippopotamus amphibius, Nijlpaard
    A single observation at Lake Awasa.
  21. COMMON WARTHOG, Phacochoerus africanus, Wrattenzwijn
    25+ at Awash NP, small numbers daily in the south.
  22. MENELICK'S BUSHBUCK, Tragelaphus scriptus meneliki, Menelicks Bosbok
    A single one at the Sanetti Plateau.
  23. LESSER KUDU, Tragelaphus imberbis, Kleine Koedoe
    1 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo, 1 near Bogol Manyo and 2 at Fejeje.
  24. MOUNTAIN NYALA, Tragelaphus buxtoni, Bergnyala
    20+ at the Sanetti Plateau.
  25. GREATER KUDU, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Grote Koedoe
    1 at Awash NP, 2 en route Goba to Negele, 2 en route Negele to Bogol Manyo and 3 at Nechisar NP.
  26. KLIPSPRINGER, Oreotragus oreotragus, Klipspringer
    2 at Awash NP.
  27. SALT'S DIKDIK, Madoqua saltiana, Eritrese Dikdik
    A fairly common and widespread species.
  28. GUNTHER'S DIKDIK, Madoqua huenteri, Günthers Dikdik
    Fairly common in the south.
  29. GRANT'S GAZELLE, Gazella granti, Grants Gazelle
    A single observation in the Bogol Manyo area.
  30. SOEMMERRING'S GAZELLE, Gazella soemmerringi, Sömmerings Gazelle
    9 at Bale Mountains NP.
  31. GERENUK, Litocranius walleri, Gerenoek
    1 at Bogol Manyo, 2 at Fejeje.
  32. SWAYNE'S HARTEBEEST (KONGONI), Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei, Swaynes Hartebeest
    4 at Awash NP and 3 at Nechisar NP.
  33. BEISA ORYX, Oryx beisa, Spiesbok
    100+ at Awash NP.

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Urs Geiser; ugeiser@xnet.com; February 10, 2000